Table 2.
Hazard and Incident Rate Ratios for Various Adverse Outcomes CKD Patients with or without Wfarfarin Use. TABLE 1
| HR | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| all-cause mortality* | |||
| unadjusted | 2.34 | 1.25–4.39 | 0.008 |
| Model 1 | 2.28 | 1.21–4.31 | 0.011 |
| Model 2 | 2.24 | 1.19–4.21 | 0.012 |
| Model 3 | 2.43 | 1.28–4.61 | 0.007 |
| Model 3 by CKD stage | |||
| stage 3–5 CKD | 1.26 | 0.45–3.52 | 0.661 |
| ERSD/hemodialysis | 6.62 | 2.56–17.16 | < 0.001 |
| test for interaction | 0.035 | ||
|
| |||
| IRR | 95% CI | p-value | |
|
| |||
| myocardial infarction** | |||
| unadjusted | 3.28 | 1.45–7.43 | 0.004 |
| Model 1 | 3.21 | 1.41–7.31 | 0.005 |
| Model 2 | 3.24 | 1.43–7.36 | 0.005 |
| Model 3 | 4.20 | 1.78–9.91 | 0.001 |
| Model 3 by CKD stage | |||
| stage 3–5 CKD | 5.30 | 1.36–20.63 | 0.016 |
| ERSD/hemodialysis | 9.47 | 1.90–47.29 | 0.006 |
| test for interaction | 0.678 | ||
|
| |||
| bleeding** | |||
| unadjusted | 3.57 | 1.55–8.24 | 0.003 |
| Model 1 | 3.34 | 1.45–7.73 | 0.005 |
| Model 2 | 3.44 | 1.49–7.95 | 0.004 |
| Model 3 | 3.57 | 1.51–8.45 | 0.004 |
| Model 3 by CKD stage | |||
| stage 3–5 CKD | 4.61 | 0.92–21.13 | 0.064 |
| ERSD/hemodialysis | 3.69 | 0.93–14.67 | 0.063 |
| test for interaction | 0.901 | ||
|
| |||
| heart failure** | |||
| unadjusted | 0.71 | 0.36–1.41 | 0.333 |
| Model 1 | 0.69 | 0.35–1.37 | 0.290 |
| Model 2 | 0.68 | 0.34–1.34 | 0.267 |
| Model 3 | 0.73 | 0.37–1.45 | 0.366 |
| Model 3 by CKD stage | |||
| stage 3–5 CKD | 0.87 | 0.35–2.18 | 0.772 |
| ERSD/hemodialysis | 0.35 | 0.05–2.62 | 0.306 |
| test for interaction | 0.308 | ||
|
| |||
| ischemic stroke**, † | |||
| unadjusted | 0.45 | 0.06–2.57 | 0.448 |
| Model 1 | 0.44 | 0.05–3.52 | 0.437 |
| Model 2 | 0.41 | 0.05–3.28 | 0.401 |
| Model 3 | 1.76 | 0.17–18.23 | 0.636 |
|
| |||
| cardiovascular events** | |||
| unadjusted | 1.33 | 0.85–2.17 | 0.250 |
| Model 1 | 1.30 | 0.80–2.13 | 0.289 |
| Model 2 | 1.28 | 0.79–2.10 | 0.317 |
| Model 3 | 1.50 | 0.91–2.48 | 0.110 |
| Model 3 by CKD stage | |||
| stage 3–5 CKD | 1.64 | 0.82–3.29 | 0.159 |
| ERSD/hemodialysis | 1.36 | 0.47–3.99 | 0.572 |
| test for interaction | 0.487 | ||
*
Step-wise Cox regression for time-to-event analysis
**
Poisson regression for event rate analysis
Model 1: age and gender
Model 2: diabetes
Model 3: age, gender, use of anti-platelets, and existing diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction/congestive heart failure, and stroke
†
inadequate number of event for stratification
Cardiovascular events defined as a composite outcome of myocardial infarction, heart failure and ischemic stroke. HR = Hazard Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval; CKD = Chronic Kidney Disease; ESRD = End-stage Renal Disease; IRR= Incident Rate Ratio