Table 1.
Impact of select microbial strains on the immune system in gnotobiotic mouse models
| Strain | Reference | Impact on phenotype |
|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter lwoffi F78 | Geva-Zatorsky et al. 2017 (40) | Repressed colonic IL-22 production |
| Akkermansia muciniphila ATCC BAA-835 | Derrien et al. 2011 (193) | Modulated colonic expression of host genes involved in antigen presentation, B and T cell receptor and leukocyte trafficking, IL-4 signalling and complement and coagulation cascades |
| Bacteroides caccae ATCC 43185 | Faith et al. 2014 (38) | Increased number of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in the colonic lamina propria |
| Bacteroides intestinalis (no strain designation) | Faith et al. 2014 (38) | Increased number of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in the colonic lamina propria |
| Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29148 | Faith et al. 2014 (38); Geva-Zatorsky et al. 2017 (40); Hoffmann et al. 2016 (38, 40, 194) | Increased number of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in the colonic lamina propria |
| Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ATCC 29741 | Geva-Zatorsky et al. 2017 (40) | Increased number of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in the colonic lamina propria |
| Bacteroides vulgatus mpk | Muller et al. 2008 (38, 40, 195) | Induced DC production of IL-6 in the absence of other pro-inflammatory cytokines |
| Bacteroides vulgatus (no strain designation) | Faith et al. 2014 (38) | Induced expansion of colonic Treg cells |
| Bacteroides vulgatus ATCC 8482 | Geva-Zatorsky et al. 2017 (40) | Induced expansion of plasmacytoid dendritic cells |
| Candida albicans B311 (type A) | Jones-Carson et al. 1997 (196) | Induced development of memory T cells in a B cell-deficient mouse |
| Candida albicans SC5314 | Faith et al. 2014 (38) | Induced production of IFN-g, IL-17 and IL-22 |
| Clostridium sordellii AO32 | Geva-Zatorsky et al. 2017 (40) | Repressed colonic IL22 production |
| Parabacteroides distasonis (no strain designation) | Faith et al. 2014 (38) | Increased number of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in the colonic lamina propria |
| Ruminococcus gnavus ATCC29149 | Geva-Zatorsky et al. 2017 (40) Hoffmann et al. 2016 (40, 194) |
Up-regulated expression of host genes related to antimicrobial responses as well as amide, lipid and tryptophan metabolism in the colon |