Table 3. Hazard ratiosa (95% CI) for the development of nephrolithiasis according to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in clinically relevant subgroups.
| Subgroup | No NAFLD | NAFLD | p-value for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | <0.001 | ||
| <50 years (N = 192,626) | Reference | 1.19 (1.14–1.24) | |
| ≥50 years (N = 15,952) | reference | 1.06 (0.95–1.19) | |
| Alcohol intake | 0.130 | ||
| <10 g/day (N = 141,488) | reference | 1.13 (1.07–1.19) | |
| ≥10 g/day (N = 53,504) | Reference | 1.18 (1.11–1.26) | |
| Smoking | 0.223 | ||
| Never (N = 151,496) | reference | 1.14 (1.08–1.19) | |
| Current smoker (N = 49,209) | reference | 1.17 (1.09–1.25) | |
| HOMA-IR | 0.523 | ||
| <2.5 (N = 170,774) | reference | 1.16 (1.10–1.21) | |
| ≥2.5 (N = 32,985) | reference | 1.11 (1.02–1.20) | |
| BMI | 0.684 | ||
| <25 kg/m2 (N = 154,843) | reference | 1.19 (1.13–1.25) | |
| ≥25 kg/m2 (N = 53,718) | reference | 1.14 (1.08–1.21) | |
| hsCRP | 0.447 | ||
| <1.0 mg/l (N = 157,588) | reference | 1.14 (1.09–1.20) | |
| ≥1.0 mg/l (N = 49,444) | reference | 1.17 (1.09–1.25) |
aEstimated from parametric Cox models adjusted for age, sex, center, year of screening exam, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, education level, BMI, and history of hypertension and diabetes