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. 2017 Oct 26;12(10):e0187133. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187133

Table 2. Circulating concentrations of blood analytes and urinalysis parameters (mean ± SEM) of cats at baseline (initial) and after consuming control or test food for 28 and 56 days.

Control food Test food Two-way ANOVA analysis
(P values)
Number of animals, n 12 12 Food main effect Time main effect Food by time main effect
Circulating calcium and selected fatty acid concentrations:
    Calcium (mg/dL)
    Initial 9.9 ± 0.10 9.9 ± 0.10 0.80 0.80 0.05
    28 days 10.1 ± 0.13 10.2 ± 0.13
    56 days 10.2 ± 0.13 10.1 ± 0.14
Arachidonic acid (mg/dL)
    Initial 20.9 ± 1.7 20.9 ± 1.7 <0.001 0.01 0.84
    28 days 19.1 ± 1.0a 26.5 ± 1.5b
    56 days 21.0 ± 1.3a 28.3 ± 1.5b
EPA (mg/dL)
    Initial 1.24 ± 0.13 1.24 ± 0.13 <0.001 0.61 0.14
    28 days 0.98 ± 0.10a 3.11 ± 0.22b
    56 days 0.85 ± 0.04a 3.39 ± 0.24b
DHA (mg/dL)
    Initial 5.73 ± 0.49 5.73 ± 0.49 <0.001 0.88 0.60
    28 days 4.70 ± 0.44a 9.08 ± 0.58b
    56 days 4.46 ± 0.47a 9.23 ± 0.58b
Σ SFAe
    Initial 72.8 ± 2.84 72.8 ± 2.84 0.51 0.003 0.88
    28 days 73.1 ± 2.47 75.0 ± 3.01
    56 days 79.5 ± 3.25 80.5 ± 3.91
Σ MUFAf
    Initial 24.1 ± 0.89 24.1 ± 0.89 <0.001 0.002 0.84
    28 days 25.0 ± 0.96a 20.3 ± 0.44b
    56 days 27.6 ± 0.90a 23.3 ± 1.24b
Σ PUFAg
    Initial 79.8 ± 3.10 79.8 ± 3.10 0.88 0.001 0.34
    28 days 79.2 ± 2.36 81.5 ± 3.42
    56 days 88.2 ± 3.94 87.4 ± 4.08
Σ (n-6) FAh
    Initial 69.9 ± 2.57 69.9 ± 2.57 0.002 <0.001 0.22
    28 days 70.7 ± 2.16a 66.8 ± 2.78b
    56 days 79.9 ± 3.57a 72.1 ± 3.46b
Σ (n-3) FAi
    Initial 9.94 ± 0.71 9.94 ± 0.71 <0.001 0.71 0.45
    28 days 8.48 ± 0.47a 14.7 ± 0.78b
    56 days 8.32 ± 0.60a 15.3 ± 0.84b
Ratio of the Σ (n-6) to Σ (n-3) FA
    Initial 7.17 ± 0.26 7.17 ± 0.26 <0.001 0.05 0.11
    28 days 8.62 ± 0.49a 4.59 ± 0.16b
    56 days 9.96 ± 0.69a 4.77 ± 0.84b
Urinalysis parameters:
pH
    Initial 5.97 ± 0.08 5.97 ± 0.08 0.26 0.36 0.84
    28 days 6.47 ± 0.002 6.37 ± 0.002
    56 days 6.34 ± 0.002 6.19 ± 0.002
Specific gravity
    Initial 1.050 ± 0.002 1.050 ± 0.002 0.02 0.26 0.41
    28 days 1.057 ± 0.002a 1.052 ± 0.002b
    56 days 1.056 ± 0.002a 1.054 ± 0.002b
Calcium (mg/dL)
    Initial 5.61 ± 0.80 5.61 ± 0.80 0.06 0.03 0.81
    28 days 5.45 ± 0.71c 5.03 ± 0.50d
    56 days 4.96 ± 0.66c 4.42 ± 0.55d
Fractional excretion of calcium (%)
    Initial 0.245 ± 0.037 0.245 ± 0.037 0.48 0.10 0.52
    28 days 0.208 ± 0.031 0.205 ± 0.028
    56 days 0.193 ± 0.027 0.173 ± 0.017
Struvite relative super saturation (unitless)
    Initial 3.5 ± 1.4 3.5 ± 1.4 0.03 0.18 0.24
    28 days 12.6 ± 4.3a 5.2 ± 1.1b
    56 days 7.1 ± 1.4a 4.8 ± 1.1b
Calcium oxalate titration test (1/L)
    Initial 65.5 ± 18.8 65.5 ± 18.8 0.06 0.53 0.94
    28 days 56.7 ± 14.2c 42.8 ± 9.0d
    56 days 52.4 ± 12.2c 37.4 ± 8.5d

a,b Means with different superscripts within a row are different at P≤0.05.

c,d Means with different superscripts within a row are different at P≤0.1.

e Sum of the saturated fatty acids: 8:0+10:0+11:0+12:0+14:0+15:0+16:0+17:0+18:0+20:0+22:0+24:0.

f Sum of the monounsaturated fatty acids: 14:1+15:1+16:1+17:1+18:1+20:1+22:1+24:1.

g Sum of the polyunsaturated fatty acids: 18:2(n-6)+18:3(n-6)+18:3(n-3)+18:4(n-3)+20:2(n-6)+20:3(n-6)+20:3(n-3)+20:4(n-6)+20:4(n-3)+20:5(n-3)+21:5(n-3)+22:2(n-6)+22:4(n-6)+22:5(n-6)+22:5(n-3)+22:6(n-3).

h Sum of the (n-6) fatty acids.

i Sum of the (n-3) fatty acids.