FIG. 3.

Effect of different ramping and resting time parameters on 15 and 10 μm polystyrene beads for separation in the linear phase modulation regime. Green solid line and orange dashed line denotes 15 μm and 10 μm particle trajectories, respectively. Blue dash-dot line corresponds to the position of the pressure node. (a) The ramping is fast, resulting in the particles staying at their initial position, (b) The ramping is slow, resulting in the particles translating to the next node, (c) The ramping time is appropriate to achieve sorting, (d) Quality of the sorting for different ramping and resting time for 15 and 10 μm particles, illustrating the three different modulation schemes: fast modulation (a), slow modulation (b), and time modulation allowing separation (c). Yellow color denotes no difference in final particle position (no separation), green color corresponds to λ/2 difference (separation). Intermediate colors correspond to separation distances as shown by the color bar.