Table 2.

Major findings from recently completed microbicide clinical studies utilizing on-demand products

On-demand product	Active	Route	Purpose	Major findings	Reference
Gel	TFV	Rectal	Extended safety and acceptability study of TFV reduced-glycerin 1% gel and comparison with oral regimen emtricitabine/TFV disoproxil fumarate	Product was safe in MSM and transgender women. Daily gel use was not preferred. Intermittent gel use and oral regimen acceptability was comparable	NCT01687218 MTN-017 (Cranston et al. 2016)[15]
	MIV-150/PC-1005	Vaginal	Safety, PK and acceptability of MV-150 and zinc acetate in a carrageenan (PC-1005) gel	Product was well tolerated (14 days use).11/17 participants liked the gel and 7 recommended reducing the volume. CVLs showed activity against HIV and HPV	NCT02033109 (Friedland et al. 2016)[16]
Film	DPV	Vaginal	Safety, acceptability, PKPD and comparison with a 0.05% DPV gel for one week daily administration	Films were safe and more acceptable than gels. Comparable release between gel and film was seen. Films and gels delivered DPV to tissues in quantities sufficient for ex vivo activity.	NCT01548560 FAME-02 (Bunge et al. 2016)[17]
	DPV	Vaginal	PKPD of DPV film and gel in healthy women	No severe adverse effects were observed. DPV film showed comparable PK and ex vivo activity as gel	NCT01924091 FAME-02B (Robinson et al. 2016)[18]