Table 5.
Postoperative pathology n (%)
| Variable | Total, n = 1000 | First 10 yr, 1993-2002 | Second 10 yr, 2003-2012 | Last 5 yr, 2013-2017 | |
| Site of the tumor | |||||
| Ampullary tumor | 312 (31.2) | 92 (30.7) | 145 (32.8) | 75 (29) | |
| Pancreatic head mass | 556 (55.6) | 171 (57) | 257 (58.1) | 128 (49.6) | 0.0001 |
| CBD duct tumor | 41 (4.1) | 16 (5.3) | 13 (2.9) | 12 (4.7) | |
| Duodenal tumor | 61 (6.1) | 20 (6.7) | 27 (6.1) | 14 (5.4) | |
| Uncinate process mass | 30 (3) | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 29 (11.3) | |
| Pathological diagnosis | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 836 (83.6) | 250 (83.3) | 357 (80.7) | 229 (88.8) | |
| Undifferentiated carcinoma | 20 (2) | 1 (1.7) | 19 (4.3) | 0 | |
| Papillary cystadenocarcinoma | 6 (0.6) | 4 (1.3) | 2 (0.5) | 0 | 0.0001 |
| Lymphoma | 4 (0.4) | 2 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) | 0 | |
| Neuroendocrine tumor | 28 (2.8) | 12 (4) | 10 (2.3) | 6 (2.3) | |
| Solid pseudopapillary tumor | 20 (2) | 5 (1.7) | 8 (1.8) | 7 (2.7) | |
| Chronic pancreatitis | 24 (2.4) | 6 (2) | 14 (3.2) | 4 (1.6) | |
| Benign cyst | 12 (1.2) | 3 (1) | 8 (1.8) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Adenoma with dysplasia | 41 (4.1) | 15 (5) | 19 (4.3) | 7 (2.7) | |
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumor | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Glomus | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | |
| Adenosquamous | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 0 | |
| Pleomorphic adenoma | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1(0.2) | 0 | |
| Adenomyoma | 3 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | 3 (1.2) | |
| Malignant | 870 (87) | 258 (86) | 382 (86.4) | 230 (89.1) | 0.38 |
| Borderline | 48 (4.8) | 17(5.7) | 18 (4.1) | 13 (5.1) | |
| benign | 82 (8.2) | 25 (8.3) | 42 (9.5) | 15 (5.8) | |
| Number of dissected lymph node | 6 (0-40) | 5 (0-18) | 6 (0-40) | 6 (0-40) | 0.59 |
| Number of lymph node infiltration | 0 (0-14) | 0 (0-3) | 0 (0-14) | 0 (0-14) | 0.07 |
| Perineural infiltration | 187 (18.7) | 62 (20.7) | 75 (17) | 50 (19.9) | 0.09 |
| Perivascular infiltration | 134 (134) | 40 (13.3) | 66 (14.9) | 28 (10.9) | 0.13 |
| Pancreatic safety margin | |||||
| R1 | 91 (9.1) | 40 (13.3) | 41 (9.3) | 10 (3.8) | 0.01 |
| R2 | 15 (1.5) | 7 (2.3) | 6 (1.4) | 2 (0.7) |