Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics and IgE Levels of Subjects Based on Smoking Status.
| Characteristics | Non-smoker (n=1,118) | Ex-smoker (n=340) | Current smoker (n=505) | p value (ANOVA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, % | 20 (1.5) | 84.8 (2.7) | 89.5 (1.8) | <0.0001 |
| Age, years | 44.6±0.72 | 47.8±1.1 | 43.4±0.8 | 0.0113 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.5±0.1 | 24.1±0.2 | 24.0±0.2 | 0.0153 |
| WC, cm | 78.9±0.4 | 84.0±0.79 | 83.5±0.5 | <0.0001 |
| Whole body fat, % | 32.0±0.3 | 25.2±0.5 | 23.8±0.4 | <0.0001 |
| Frequency of alcohol ≥ one month, % | 45.1 (2.0) | 68.6 (3.3) | 80.6 (2.2) | <0.0001 |
| Exercising group | 20.6 (1.7) | 30.9 (3.2) | 27.9 (2.5) | 0.0036 |
| Living place (urban), % | 77.8 (3.3) | 77.2 (4.2) | 78.8 (3.8) | 0.8813 |
| Education>12 years, % | 66.5 (2.1) | 71.7 (2.9) | 74.5 (2.6) | 0.0198 |
| Income (lowest quartile), % | 20.8 (2.0) | 12.9 (2.6) | 19.7 (2.5) | 0.0553 |
| Spouse, % | 65.6 (1.9) | 80.8 (2.5) | 63.5 (2.7) | <0.0001 |
| Physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis, % | 15.3 (1.3) | 14.9 (2.1) | 14.3 (2.0) | 0.9101 |
| Physician-diagnosed asthma, % | 2.7 (0.6) | 3.1 (1.4) | 2.2 (0.7) | 0.8081 |
| Physician-diagnosed atopic dermatitis, % | 3.0 (3.7) | 2.5 (1.5) | 2.7 (0.8) | 0.9315 |
| Total IgE, kU/L | 68.1 (61.9-75.0) | 114.4 (96.0-136.4) | 159.2 (133.1-190.4) | <0.0001 |
| IgE to Dermatophagoides farina, kU/L | 0.17 (0.14-0.20) | 0.28 (0.21-0.37) | 0.41 (0.30-0.55) | <0.0001 |
| IgE to cockroach, kU/L | 0.08 (0.07-0.09) | 0.11 (0.09-0.14) | 0.17 (0.14-0.21) | <0.0001 |
| IgE to dog, kU/L | 0.026 (0.023-0.028) | 0.035 (0.029-0.042) | 0.045 (0.037-0.054) | <0.0001 |
All values are expressed as number (%), mean ± SD, or geometric mean (95% confidence interval).
BMI: body mass index, WC: waist circumference, IgE: immunoglobulin E