Table 1.

Baseline characteristics by serum vitamin D level among patients with acute coronary syndrome

Demographic and clinical characteristics	Total sample (n=170) Mean ± SD	Normal vitamin D level (n=28) Mean ± SD or %	Deficient vitamin D (n=142) Mean ± SD or %	aTest statistics P-value
Age years	59.42±13.60	68.10±10.48	57.71±13.52	0.002
Sex, male	69.41	57.14	71.83	0.09
Urban settlement	65.29	57.14	66.90	0.21
Cigarette smoking
Never	51.18	57.14	50
Ex-smoker	12.35	0	14.79
Current smoker	36.47	42.86	35.21
Previous MI				0.21
Yes	11.76	17.86	10.56
No	88.24	82.14	89.44
Season of MI				0.94
Fall	30.6	28.57	30.99
Winter	43.5	42.86	43.66
Spring	14.1	17.86	11.97
Summer	11.8	10.71	13.38
Blood pressure				0.56
Normal	50.30	50	50.35
Hypertension	49.70	50	49.65
Type of MI				0.49
ST elevation	64.50	66.67	64.08
Non-ST elevation	35.50	33.33	35.92
CRP ≥10				0.88
Yes	78.24	82.14	77.46
No	21.76	17.86	22.54
Leukocytosis (WBC >11,000)				0.041
Yes	47.6	32.14	52.11
No	54.4	67.86	47.89
Anemia				0.02
Yes	68.2	78.57	57.75
No	31.8	21.42	42.55
Thrombocytosis				0.25
Yes	6.7	7.14	2.82
No	93.3	92.86	97.18
Ejection fraction				0.04
<45	62.94	78.57	59.86
≥45	37.06	21.43	40.14
Body mass index				0.26
<25	38.2	739.29	28.17
≥25	61.8	60.71	71.83
Diabetes				0.42
Yes	85.65	89.29	80.28
No	14.35	10.71	19.72

Note:

^aThe statistical analysis is a comparison between normal and deficient levels of serum vitamin D.

Abbreviations: MI, myocardial infarction; WBC, white blood cell.