Table 2. Multiple regression analysis of social factors on BHQ.
Model 2.1 | Model 2.2 | Model 2.3 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GM-BHQ | FA-BHQ | GM-BHQ | FA-BHQ | GM-BHQ | FA-BHQ | |||||||
βa | p-value | β | p-value | β | p-value | β | p-value | β | p-value | β | p-value | |
Age | -0.546 | < 0.001*** | -0.420 | < 0.001*** | -0.576 | < 0.001*** | -0.375 | < 0.001*** | -0.567 | < 0.001*** | -0.382 | < 0.001*** |
Sex (male = 1, female = 2) | 0.435 | < 0.001*** | 0.044 | 0.606 | 0.436 | < 0.001*** | 0.062 | 0.465 | 0.454 | < 0.001*** | 0.081 | 0.343 |
Subjective socioeconomic status | ||||||||||||
stratum identification | 0.162 | 0.015* | 0.084 | 0.348 | 0.208 | 0.003** | 0.026 | 0.781 | 0.188 | 0.008** | -0.014 | 0.881 |
financial worriesb | 0.041 | 0.536 | 0.031 | 0.727 | 0.019 | 0.772 | 0.034 | 0.709 | 0.033 | 0.634 | 0.084 | 0.367 |
Subjective well-being | ||||||||||||
life satisfaction | -0.081 | 0.243 | -0.031 | 0.740 | -0.080 | 0.252 | -0.051 | 0.591 | ||||
life improvement | -0.095 | 0.176 | 0.221 | 0.020* | -0.070 | 0.321 | 0.249 | 0.010* | ||||
Post-materialism | 0.077 | 0.249 | 0.184 | 0.044* | ||||||||
Epicureanismc | -0.126 | 0.093 | -0.044 | 0.661 | ||||||||
Asceticism | -0.050 | 0.510 | -0.049 | 0.633 | ||||||||
R | 0.748 | < 0.001*** | 0.434 | < 0.001*** | 0.759 | < 0.001*** | 0.476 | < 0.001*** | 0.769 | < 0.001** | 0.507 | < 0.001*** |
R2 | 0.559 | 0.189 | 0.576 | 0.227 | 0.592 | 0.257 |
n = 123
*p < 0.05
**p < 0.01
***p < 0.001
a Standardized regression coefficient
b Having worries and anxiety about present or future income and assets = 1, everything else = 0.
c Because a non-linear association with BHQ was shown, we used this variable as a categorical variable (Epicureanism/asceticism/don’t know).
The reference group was “don’t know.”