Fig 5. The accumulation of BIAs in the medium from transgenic California poppy cell lines.

The contents of sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelirubine, protopine, allocryptopine, 10-hydroxychelerythrine, and reticuline were estimated based on the peak areas using the standard curve created from an authentic sanguinarine sample. For each cell line, nine biological replicates were used. Asterisks indicate significant differences from VC cell lines (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; two-tailed paired Student’s t-test).