Table 1.
FLA prevalence in water source of Iran by article (M; multi city, C.M.; Culture medium)
| Author(s)/Year (ref.) | Provenience (city) | Method | Sample type (Freq.%) | Genus (genotype) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latifi et al. (2017) | Mazandaran (M.) | C.M. & PCR | Hot spring (54%) | Vahlkamfiids (N. australiensis, N. dobsoni, N. americana, N. pagei, N. polaris and N. fultoni) |
| Mafi et al. (2017) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. | Pool and park ponds (24%) | Acanthamoeba, Hartmannella, Vahlkampfiids (Naegleria) |
| Khezri et al. (2016) | West Azerbaijan (M.) | C.M. & PCR | River and tap water (45%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T2) |
| Aghajani et al. (2016) | Sistan-o Baluchestan (M.) | C.M. & PCR | Pool and pond (41%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T5, T3) |
| Aghajani et al. (2016) | Isfahan (Isfahan) | C.M. | Tap water and environmental water (45%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Shokri et al. (2016) | Mazandaran (Sari & suburbs) | C.M. & PCR | Lake, river, waterscape, sea, tap water, pool, waterhole, rice field and fishpond (55%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T2) |
| Niyyati et al. (2016b) | Ilam (Dehloran) | C.M. & PCR | Recreational geothermal water; swimming pool, spring, river (50%) | Acanthamoeba (T2, T4) |
| Latifi et al. (2016) | Mazandaran (M.) | C.M. & PCR | Hot spring (3%) | Balamuthia mandrillaris |
| Niyyati et al. (2015c) | Guilan (Rasht) | C.M. & PCR | Recreational water; pond, pool, river (15%) | Naegleria spp. (N. australiensis, N. pagei) |
| Niyyati et al. (2015a) | Hormozgam (Kish) | C.M. & PCR | Tap water; household water resources (38%) | Acanthamoeba (T3; A. griffini, T4; V. vermiformis, T5; A. lenticulata, T11), Hartmannella Vermiformis |
| Thecamoeba, miniamoebae | ||||
| Mahmoudi et al. (2015a) | Guilan (M.) | C.M. | River, dam, lagoon (88%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Armand et al. (2015) | Fars (Shiraz) | C.M. & PCR | Pool, pond park and tap water (59%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T7, T5; A. lenticulata, T15; A. jacobsi), Vermamoebae |
| Behniafar et al. (2015) | East Azerbaijan | C.M. & PCR | Tap water, river, hot/cold water springs, well (25%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T3, T13) |
| Mahmoudi et al. (2015c) | Razavi Khorasan (Mashhad) | C.M. | Square fountain and ponds (10%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Mahmoudi et al. (2015b) | Guilan, Mazandaran, Alborz, Tehran. | C.M. & PCR | Tap water, hot spring, lake dam, river, sea, waterfall and pond (71%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T5), V. vermiformis, Saccamoeba limax |
| Niyyati et al. (2015b) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. & PCR | Surface water (19%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T5) |
| Dabirzadeh et al. (2015) | Sistan-o Baluchestan (Zahedan) | C.M. & PCR | Square fountain, ponds (88%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Behravan et al. (2015) | South Khorasan (Birjand) | C.M. & PCR | Surface water; square fountain and ponds water distribution stations (42%) | Acanthamoeba, Vahlkamfiidae |
| Salehi (2014) | North Khorasan (Bojnurd) | C.M. & PCR | Surface water; tap water, river, swimming pool, square fountain and creek (68%) | Acanthamoeba (T4) |
| Latifi et al. (2014) | Mazandaran (M.) | C.M. | Hot spring (26%) | Acanthamoeba, Vahlkamfiidae, Vermamoebae, Vannella, Platyamoeba |
| Mosayebi et al. (2014) | Markazi (M.) | C.M. | Drinking water; tap water, spring, aqueduct, well (61%) | – |
| Hooshyar et al. (2013) | Qazvin (Qazvin) | C.M. & PCR | Surface water (80%) | Acanthamoeba (T2; A. palestinensis, T4; A. polyphaga) |
| Ghadar-ghadr et al. (2012) | Fars (Shiraz) | C.M. | Tap water, well, water tank (35%) | Acanthamoeba, Naegleria |
| Hosseinbigi et al. (2012) | Qazvin (Qazvin) | C.M. & PCR | Square fountain and ponds (80%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Rahdar et al. (2012) | Khuzestan (ahvaz) | C.M. & PCR | Pool, river, tap water, pond, aqueduct (72%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T2) |
| Mahmoudi et al. (2012) | Guilan (M.) | C.M. | Tap water, river, sea, waterfall and pond (70%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Nazar et al. (2012) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. & PCR | Recreational water environments; fountain and pond (54%) | V. vermiformis, Vannella persistens |
| Solgi et al. (2012a) | Ardebil (M.) | C.M. & PCR | Hot spring (27%) | Hartmannella Vermiformis |
| Naegleria | ||||
| Niyyati et al. (2012) | Tehran (suburbs of Tehran) | C.M. & PCR | Recreational surface water; river and pond (27%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T15; A. jacobsi) |
| Naegleria (N. Fultoni, N. pagei, N. Clarki) | ||||
| Solgi et al. (2012a) | Ardebil (M.) | C.M. & PCR | Hot spring (33%) | Thermotolerant Acanthamoeba (T4, T3;A. griffinii) |
| Badirzadeh et al. (2011) | Ardebil (M.) | C.M. & PCR | Hot spring (78%) | Acanthamoeba castellanii |
| Vahlkamfiids | ||||
| Rasti et al. (2011) | Isfahan (Kashan) | C.M. | Swimming pool (0%) | – |
| Nazar et al. (2011) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. & PCR | Park pond and pool (32%) | Acanthamoeba (T4, T5) |
| Bagheri et al. (2010) | Iran (14 cap. of provincial) | C.M. | Tap water (48%) | Acanthamoeba spp. |
| Niyyati et al. (2009b) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. & PCR | Pool (1 case reported) | Acanthamoeba (T2, T6) |
| Eftekhar et al. (2009) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. & PCR | Square fountain and ponds (59%) | Acanthamoeba |
| Rezaeian et al. (2008) | Tehran (Tehran) | C.M. | Tap water, swimming pool and pond (33%) | Acanthamoeba spp. |
| Rezaian et al. (2003) | Khuzestan (Kazeroun) | C.M. | Surface water; spring, river, creek and pond (4%) | Acanthamoeba, Naegleria |