Table 3.
A long list of publications have reported that various immune cell-, and immunosuppressor cell-derived exosomes have anti-inflammatory effects.
| Source of exosomes | Cell origin | Function | PMID |
|---|---|---|---|
| DCs | Spleen DCs | SDC-expanded Tregs could inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines | 27640806 |
| DCs | Murine bone marrow | Overexpressing IDO are anti-inflammatory in collagen-induced arthritis | 19180475 |
| DCs | Mouse bone marrow | Suppression of inflammatory and autoimmune responses | 15879146 |
| DCs | Mouse bone marrow | Treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases | 16275099 |
| DCs | Rat bone marrow | Attenuate the acute systemic inflammatory response in sepsis | 19812118 |
| DCs | Rat bone marrow | Down-regulate the inflammatory response in TNBS-induced colitis | 20469967 |
| MDSCs | Lewis lung adenocarcinoma cell line | Decreased inflammatory cell infiltration damage | 26885611 |
| Macrophage | Mouse macrophage cell line | Treatment of inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. | 25836593 |
| MSCs | Human umbilical cord | Alleviated inflammation and enhanced diabetic cutaneous wound healing. | 26386558 |
| MSCs | Human bone marrow | Reduced neuro-inflammation | 27539657 |
| MSCs | Human umbilical cords | Suppress injury-induced inflammation | 27686625 |
| MSCs | Mini-pigs abdominal adipose tissue | Reduce brain-infarct zone | 27793019 |
| MSCs | Human bone marrow | Significantly reduces brain inflammation in rats after TBI | 27539657 |
| MSCs | Mouse bone marrow | Improved the microenvironment of myocardial infarction through angiogenesis and anti-inflammation | 26646808 |
| MSCs | Rats bone marrow | Protect against experimental colitis via attenuating colon inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis | 26469068 |
| MSCs | huES9.E1 human embryonic stem cell | Attenuate an activated immune system through the induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines and Tregs | 24367916 |
| MSCs | Healthy donors' bone marrow | Suppresses the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β and TNF-α, but increases the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-β) | 27115513 |
| MSCs | Rats bone marrow | Improves functional recovery and promotes neurovascular remodeling (angiogenesis and neurogenesis) and reduces neuro-inflammation in rats after TBI | 25594326 |
| MSCs | Human umbilical cords | Exosomal MicroRNAs Derived From Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Infection | 27496568 |