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. 2017 Oct 27;7:14189. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13839-6

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Cortical (epidural) mean relative EEG power spectra during waking, NREM sleep and REM sleep in buffer controls (black, n = 11, 4 animals were excluded due to mislocation of the injection and electrode sites or signal artefacts) and K18 (green, n = 15) conditions. Note the characteristic increases in relative theta amplitude after the administration of K18, which is clearly evident in all vigilance states starting from 8 weeks post-treatment onwards. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM for buffer (black) and K18 (green) conditions. (b) longitudinal changes in the amplitude at frequency bins centered at 7 and 8 Hz with the time during active waking and NREM sleep as observed in K18 treated animals. ANOVA with post hoc Hochberger’s and Dunnett’s tests.