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. 2017 Oct 27;7:14230. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14589-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Propionic acid in the culture medium improves larval survival and supports growth. (a) Analysis of the pupariation rate (graph in the left) and pupal volume (graph in the right) in a normal medium (6.5% yeast). In this condition, the addition of 1% propionic acid did not affect the survival rate or the pupal size (t-TEST, n = 8 independent tubes with an average of 50 initial larvae). (b) Idem A but larvae were maintained in a normal medium until early L3 stage and then transferred to a poor medium (0.4% yeast). In a poor condition, the presence of 1% propionic acid significantly increased the pupariation rate and the pupal volume (***p < 0.0001 t-TEST, n = 22 independent tubes with an average of 50 initial larvae).