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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Genet. 2017 Sep 11;49(10):1437–1449. doi: 10.1038/ng.3947

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Differential weight loss and intestinal inflammation of KDG-knockout models as compared to sex-matched wild-type littermate controls. (a,b) Weight-loss curves for the KDG models. Nckap1l−/−, Gpsm3−/−, Dock2−/−, Aif-1−/−, and Dok3−/− mice under DSS colitis conditions (a) and Dock2−/− mice under TNBS conditions (b) relative to wild-type littermate controls. Comparisons were performed using an autoregressive model to maximize use of the time-series data. (c) Colonoscopy severity score on day 7 or 12. Pairwise comparison of endoscopy results was performed using the Mann–Whitney test. (d) Images shown are representative of endoscopy scoring performed with blinding to mouse group. (e) Histology scores. (f–k) Images of sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. (f) A DSS-treated wild-type littermate shows mucosal inflammation, submucosal inflammation, and focal erosion (black arrowhead). (g) A DSS-treated Dok3−/− mouse shows marked mucosal, submucosal, and muscularis inflammatory infiltrate and ulceration (black arrowhead). (h) A DSS-treated Gpsm3−/− mouse shows more pronounced inflammation with involvement of the mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis propria and erosion (black arrowhead) as compared to the DSS-treated wild-type mouse. (i) Mild mucosal and submucosal inflammation in a DSS-treated Aif1−/− mouse. (j) A representative TNBS-treated wild-type mouse displaying only focal mucosal inflammation. (k) A TNBS-treated Dock2−/− mouse shows additional submucosal edema and inflammation as compared to the TNBS-treated wild-type control. *, mucosal inflammation; #, submucosal inflammation; &, muscularis inflammation. Images taken at 10× magnification have a scale bar representing 100 μm, while those taken at 20× magnification have a scale bar representing 50 μm. Data shown represent pooled results from males and females with two independent experiments for each KDG unless otherwise stated. Data are expressed as mean ± s.e.m. Box limits, first and third quartiles; line, median; whiskers, minimum and maximum values; asterisks, significant difference between mice homozygous null for the KDG and wild-type littermate controls treated with DSS: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.