Table 4.
Selected studies using CTLA4-Ig in pig-to-nonhuman primate xenotransplantation.
| First author (year) | Donor pig | Recipient NHP | Immunosuppressive regimen | Longest survival (days) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart xenotransplantation, heterotopic | ||||
| Iwase (2015) [96] | GTKO.CD46.CD55 | Baboon | ATG, anti-CD20mAb, abatacept, MMF, CS | 23 |
| Iwase (2015) [96] | GTKO.CD46.TBM | Baboon | ATG, belatacept, anti-CD40mAb, tacrolimus, MMF, CS | 130 |
| Liver xenotransplantation | ||||
| Shah (2017) [24] | GTKO | Baboon | ATG, belatacept, tacrolimus, CVF, CS | 25 |
| Islet xenotransplantation | ||||
| Cordona (2006) [108] | WT | Rhesus | Anti-CD25mAb, anti-CD154mAb, CTLA4-Ig | >260 |
| Hecht (2009) [113] | Fetal pancreatic fragments | Cynomolgus | Anti-CD25mAb, anti-CD154mAb, FTY720, rapamycin, CTLA4-Ig | 380 |
| Thompson (2011) [21] | WT | Rhesus | Anti-CD25mAb, anti-CD40mAb, rapamycin, belatacept | 203 |
| Thompson (2011) [20] | GTKO | Rhesus | Anti-CD154mAb, anti-LFA1mAb, MMF, belatacept | 249 |
| Thompson (2012) [79] | WT | Rhesus | MMF, belatacept, alefacept, anti-LFA1mAb, tacrolimus | 114 |
| Graham (2013) [114] | WT | Cynomolgus | Anti-CD25mAb, abatacept, tacrolimus, rapamycin | >180 |
NHP: nonhuman primate; WT: wild-type; ATG: anti-thymocyte globulin; CVF: cobra venom factor; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; mAb: monoclonal antibody; CS: corticosteroids; GTKO: α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout; TBM: thrombomodulin.