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The degradation of C. perfringens α-toxin by lactobacilli and associated changes of culture pH. Either L. acidophilus or L. fermentum were added into the supernatants from C. perfringens cultures and incubated for 2 or 4 h. The α-toxin levels were detected by ELISA assay (A) and pH values were measured (B). Data are presented as mean ± standard error (n = 3). **P < 0.01. La, L. acidophilus; Lf, L. fermentum; Cp-S, supernatants from C. perfringens cultures.
