Figure 5.

APOL1 risk variant expression results in ATP depletion and activation of the AMPK. (A) HEK293T cells overexpressing APOL1 RRVs showed decreased intracellular ATP levels in a luciferase assay in which the enzymatic activity depends only on the intracellular ATP concentration. Data are shown as mean±SD, n≥3. (B) RRV-expressing HEK293T cells furthermore showed significantly increased pAMPK levels (pAMPK/AMPK ratio) already, after 8 hours of Dox induction for variant G2 and after 12 for variant G1. Data are shown as mean±SEM of at least three independent experiments; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.005. w/o, without.