Table 2.
Semen parameters and other selected parameters of the present subjects (n = 42) a
| Unit | Mean | SD | Min | Max | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | years | 36.8 | 5.4 | 29 | 58 |
| BMI | kg/m2 | 23.4 | 2.6 | 18.7 | 31.1 |
| Semen volume | mL | 3.6 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 7.1 |
| Sperm concentration | ×106/mL | 80.6 | 47.8 | 0.8 | 236 |
| Sperm motility | % | 40.9 | 20.7 | 6.8 | 85.0 |
| Abstinence period | days | 4.8 | 2.0 | 1 | 7 |
| Urinary 3-PBA b c | ng/mL | 0.547 | 2.76 | 0.160 | 7.72 |
| Urinary daidzein b | ng/mL | 0.943 | 3.38 | 0.0454 | 7.13 |
| Urinary MnBP b d | ng/mL | 62.4 | 1.82 | 18.3 | 183 |
| Equol producer | % | 50.0 (21/42) | |||
| Current smoker | % | 26.8 (11/41) | |||
| Coffee consumption | % | 63.4 (26/42) | |||
| Fruit consumption | % | 48.8 (20/42) | |||
| Season of semen sampling (Winter and Summer) |
% | February–March: 52.0 (22/42) May–July: 48.0 (20/42) |
|||
a Recapitulated from Toshima et al. [17]
b SG-adjusted geometric mean concentrations (geometric standard deviation (SD))
c 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (a metabolite of pyrethroid)
d Mono-n-butyl phthalate (a metabolite of di-n-butyl phthalate)