Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics* (N = 106)
| Baseline Characteristic | 4-KKW Exercise Group (n=58) | 16-KKW Exercise Group (n=48) | t or χ2 | df | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 48.9 (9.1) | 46.4 (10.2) | 1.3 | 95 | .18 |
| Sex , female, n (%) | 47 (81.0%) | 43 (89.6%) | 1.5 | 1 | .22 |
| Race, n (%) | 1.0 | 2 | .62 | ||
| White | 52 (89.7%) | 40 (83.3%) | |||
| Black | 5 (8.6%) | 7 (14.6%) | |||
| Other | 1 (1.7%) | 1 (2.1%) | |||
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 31.4 (5.6) | 29.5 (6.3) | 1.6 | 93 | .12 |
| Family history of mental illness, n (%) | 42 (72.4%) | 31 (64.6%) | 0.8 | 1 | .39 |
| Depression, mean (SD) | |||||
| Age at onset, y | 27.3 (12.1) | 26.6 (10.6) | 0.3 | 104 | .75 |
| Length of current episode, mo | 91.2 (100) | 74.4 (90.9) | 0.9 | 103 | .37 |
| Weeks of adequate dose of SSRI | 6.7 (4.1) | 8.7 (8.6) | −1.4 | 57 | .17 |
| SSRI, n (%) | |||||
| Citalopram (%) | 3.4 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 1 | .85 |
| Escitalopram (%) | 70.7 | 77.1 | 0.6 | 1 | .46 |
| Fluoxetine (%) | 3.4 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 1 | .67 |
| Paroxetine CR (%) | 1.7 | 6.3 | 1.5 | 1 | .22 |
| Paroxetine (%) | 3.4 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 1 | .19 |
| Sertraline (%) | 15.5 | 10.4 | 0.6 | 1 | .44 |
| Depression symptom severity, mean (SD) | |||||
| HRSD17 | 18.2 (3.8) | 18.0 (4.0) | 0.2 | 99 | .83 |
| IDS-C30 | 35.1 (7.6) | 33.8 (7.5) | 0.9 | 101 | .39 |
| Physical and social functioning, mean (SD) | |||||
| SF-36 Physical Functioning | 79.4 (20.9) | 79.5 (19.5) | −0.0 | 102 | .98 |
| SF-36 Role-Physical | 74.8 (29.7) | 74.6 (28.0) | 0.0 | 93 | .97 |
| SF-36 Bodily Pain | 67.0 (24.2) | 72.2 (18.5) | −1.2 | 103 | .22 |
| SF-36 General Health | 60.8 (20.6) | 59.2 (20.1) | 0.4 | 101 | .69 |
| SF-36 Vitality | 28.2 (19.7) | 27.2 (17.3) | 0.3 | 104 | .78 |
| SF-36 Social Functioning | 49.4 (28.2) | 57.6 (23.6) | −1.6 | 104 | .11 |
| SF-36 Role-Emotional | 47.3 (26.1) | 50.3 (26.5) | −0.6 | 100 | .55 |
| SF-36 Mental Health | 49.1 (15.9) | 50.7 (13.9) | −0.5 | 104 | .58 |
| SAS-SR | 2.4 (0.4) | 2.5 (0.4) | −0.3 | 104 | .73 |
| WSAS | 20.8 (9.9) | 18.7 (7.1) | 1.3 | 102 | .20 |
| Life satisfaction, mean (SD) | |||||
| Q-LES-Q Physical Health | 52.4 (13.4) | 55.2 (10.3) | −1.2 | 99 | .24 |
| Q-LES-Q Subjective Feelings | 64.0 (11.2) | 62.9 (10.1) | 0.5 | 102 | .59 |
| Q-LES-Q Work | 68.2 (14.9) | 66.3 (13.4) | 0.6 | 86 | .54 |
| Q-LES-Q Household Duties | 57.3 (19.7) | 57.9 (14.9) | −0.2 | 92 | 88 |
| Q-LES-Q Leisure Time Activities | 62.2 (16.4) | 62.6 (15.8) | −0.1 | 102 | .90 |
| Q-LES-Q Social Relationships | 68.2 (13.0) | 67.8 (12.0) | 0.2 | 101 | .86 |
| Q-LES-Q General Activities | 60.7 (10.9) | 60.2 (10.2) | 0.2 | 101 | .82 |
| SWLS | 14.3 (6.7) | 13.4 (6.0) | 0.8 | 103 | .45 |
Abbreviations: KKW = kcal/kg/wk; SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; HRSD17 = 17-Item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; IDS-C30 = 30-Item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician-Rated; SF-36 = Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey; SAS-SR = Social Adjustment Scale, Self-Report; WSAS = Work and Social Adjustment Scale; Q-LES-Q = Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire; SWLS = Satisfaction with Life Scale