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. 2017 Oct 30;8:1183. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01239-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — AMFs increase the drought resistance of Arabidopsis and soybean plants. a AMF treatments increase drought resistance of Arabidopsis. Wild-type (Col-0) plants are grown under short-day conditions for 2 weeks before watering is stopped. The plants are subsequently treated with DMSO (control), or 10 μM (+)-ABA, AM1, or AMFs once per week for another 2 weeks before watering was resumed. The plants are photographed before watering was stopped (top panel) and 14 days after watering is stopped (bottom panel). b AMF4 treatments increase drought resistance of soybean plants. Williams 82 soybean plants at the triple trifoliate stage are subjected to drought (watering was stopped), and then are sprayed twice at 3-days intervals with DMSO (control) or 50 μM (+)-ABA, AMF2α, or AMF4 in 1 week period before watering is resumed. The plants are photographed before watering is stopped and 1 month after watering is resumed. c Survival rates of plants in b are calculated 1 month after watering is resumed; plants are considered to have survived if they have new leaves emerging. Values are the mean survival rates from 15 individual plants per treatment, and error bars indicate SD. d The growth of soybean is monitored by measuring the area of all leaves. Eight-day-old Williams 82 soybean plants are subjected to drought (watering was stopped), and their leaf areas are recorded by a camera. The plants are sprayed with DMSO or AMF4 (20 μM) at 3 and 8 days after watering is stopped. For the well-watered condition, the plants are watered every 3 days. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of four biological replicates