Table 1.
Antibiotic-free selection markers and their resources.
| Marker type | Selection marker | Selection marker protein | GenBank ID | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complementation marker | ||||
| Amino acid auxotroph | Glycine | Serine hydroxylmethyl transferase (GlyA) | EIQ69691 | Vidal et al., 2008 |
| Amino acid auxotroph | Alanine | Alanine racemase (Alr) | CDN27234 | Nguyen et al., 2011 |
| Cofactor auxotroph | NAD | Quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QAPRTase) | BAE76041 | Dong et al., 2010 |
| DNA precursor auxotroph | Thymidine | Thymidylate synthase (ThyA) | E12778 | Sasaki et al., 2004 |
| RNA precursor auxotroph | Uracil | Orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase (PyrF) | KFU53019 | Schneider et al., 2005 |
| Sugar auxotroph | Lactose | Lactose phosphotransferase (LacF) | AAD45618 | MacCormick et al., 1995 |
| Sugar auxotroph | Lactose | Phosphor-β-galactosidase (LacG) | ART26567 | Cranenburgh et al., 2004 |
| Dominant marker | ||||
| Bacteriocin immunity/resistance | Lactacin F | Lactacin F immunity protein operon (Laf) | M57961 | Allison and Klaenhammer, 1996 |
| Bacteriocin immunity/resistance | Nisin | Nisin immunity lipoprotein (NisI) | Z18947 | Takala and Saris, 2002 |
| Heat-shock resistance | Temperature | Small heat shock protein (Shsp) | AJ242476 | El Demerdash et al., 2003 |
| Sugar utilization | Melibiose | Alpha-galactosidase (Aga) | AAO26321 | Boucher et al., 2002 |