Table I.

Effects of each galectin identified to affect lung cancer progression.

Galectin	Type	Effects in lung cancer (Reference)
Galectin-1	Dimeric	Galectin-1/interleukin-10 functional axis may be an important regulator in lung cancer-mediated immune suppression (40).
		Upregulates and promotes migration and invasion (54).
		Lymph node metastasis of lung cancer (54).
		Mediates tumor progression and chemoresistance of non-small cell lung cancer (55).
Galectin-3	Chimeric	Enhances lung cancer adhesion to extracellular matrix components, cell motility and in vitro invasiveness (56).
		Promotes cancer stem cell formation, chemoresistance, tumorigenicity, tumor initiation and sphere-forming capacity (57).
		Promotes epidermal growth factor receptor activation and enhances lung cancer stemness through the EGFR/c-Myc/Sox2 axis (58).
Galectin-4	Tandem	Expressed in the cytoplasm, nucleus and membrane of lung adenocarcinomas (27).
		May be an independent predictor for lymph node metastasis (27).
Galectin-7	Dimeric	May be associated with the metastasis of other types of cancer to the lung (59).
Galectin-8	Tandem	Associated with metastatic progression of lung cancer (60).
Galectin-9	Tandem	Suppresses pulmonary metastasis by tumor cell, tumor attachment and tumor invasion (61).
		Promotes activation of natural killer cells (62).