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. 2017 Oct 30;16:182. doi: 10.1186/s12934-017-0796-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Time courses of various parameters during cultured in minimal medium with MNR M3, MNR M3N1, MNR M3N2, respectively. It shows the cell growth (a), the concentrations of intracellular NADH (b), NAD⁺ (c), and NAD⁺/NADH ratio (d). Biotransformation conditions: 50 mL fermentation medium in 250 mL shake flask, 30 °C, 140 r/min for 120 h culture. The error bars represent mean ± SD (n = 3)