The fatty acid composition of total fatty acids is altered in HIV infection at baseline and week 48 compared to levels in HIV-uninfected participants. Plasma samples were thawed and the proportional representation (mol%) of A) SaFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs and B) individual lipid molecules among total lipids, were measured by the Complex Lipid Panel (Metabolon). Several changes in the proportional representation of SaFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs were measured among samples from HIV- participants, and in samples from HIV+participants pre-ART initiation (baseline) and following 48 weeks of ART. Mean levels are reported. Statistically significant differences among the subject groups are designated; an exploratory value of P < 0.05 is used for statistical significance (or something similar).