Table 1.

Youth Outcome and Mediator Descriptive Statistics by Gender, Moving to Opportunity Data (2001-02).

	BOYS						GIRLS
	Experimental Group			Control Group			Experimental Group			Control Group
Domain & Variable	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean		SD
Outcomes
K6 psychological distress scale; IRT model of 6-items, higher=more distress; YR	967	-0.09	0.92	436	-0.22	0.89	983	0.01	0.93	443	0.15		0.92
Behavior problems index (BPI); IRT model of 11-items, higher=more problems; YR	967	0.08	0.90	436	-0.08	0.90	983	-0.10	0.88	443	-0.04		0.89
Mediators
Lifetime Substance Use, 3 Items, YR
Youth ever drank alcohol; 0=no, 1=yes	959	0.33	0.47	431	0.28	0.45	979	0.27	0.45	441	0.32		0.47
Youth ever smoked cigarettes; 0=no, 1=yes	958	0.28	0.45	432	0.19	0.39	980	0.18	0.39	442	0.21		0.41
Youth ever smoked marijuana; 0=no, 1=yes	954	0.29	0.45	431	0.23	0.42	979	0.16	0.37	438	0.21		0.41
Past 30 Day Alcohol Use, 2 Items, YR
Youth drank alcohol in the past 30 days; 0=no, 1=yes	956	0.15	0.36	430	0.09	0.29	977	0.11	0.31	439	0.16		0.37
Number of days youth drank alcohol in past 30 days; 0=0 days, 1=1–2 days, 3=3+	956	0.22	0.56	430	0.13	0.43	977	0.13	0.40	439	0.20		0.49
Past 30 Day Cigarette Use, 2 Items, YR
Youth smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days; 0=no, 1=yes	953	0.18	0.38	431	0.09	0.28	974	0.10	0.30	440	0.13		0.34
Number of cigarettes youth smoked per day in the past 30 days; 0=none, 1=less than daily, 2=1–19, 3=a pack or more	953	0.29	0.67	431	0.12	0.45	974	0.16	0.52	440	0.20		0.56
Past 30 Day Marijuana Use, 2 Items, YR
Youth smoked marijuana in the past 30 days; 0=no, 1=yes	949	0.13	0.34	430	0.10	0.30	978	0.06	0.23	437	0.10		0.29
Number of days youth smoked marijuana in the past 30 days; range 0 to 30	949	1.42	5.39	430	0.85	4.26	978	0.49	3.28	437	0.86		4.03
Past 30 Day Number of Substances Used, YR
Number of substances used by youth in the past 30 days; 0=none, 1=1, 2=2, 3=3–4	932	0.45	0.83	424	0.28	0.64	961	0.27	0.63	433	0.38		0.75
Social Connectedness, 6 Items, YR
Number of adults youth talks to about personal issues; 0=5+ adults, 4=0 adults	960	1.80	1.21	431	1.84	1.23	978	1.73	1.16	442	1.92		1.11
Number of adults youth can rely on for help; 0=7 or more adults, 5=0 adults	952	1.84	1.42	430	1.80	1.48	973	1.78	1.40	441	2.01		1.39
Youth has no friends; 0=no, 1=yes	951	0.04	0.21	431	0.06	0.24	980	0.04	0.21	443	0.04		0.20
Youth has less than 3 friends; 0=no, 1=yes	951	0.23	0.42	431	0.25	0.43	980	0.30	0.46	443	0.30		0.46
Youth has less than 5 friends; 0=no, 1=yes	951	0.43	0.49	431	0.44	0.50	980	0.53	0.50	443	0.57		0.50
Youth sees friends from baseline neighborhood; 0=no, 1=yes	928	0.59	0.49	426	0.67	0.47	941	0.56	0.50	428	0.68		0.47
Peer Deviance, 3 Items, YR
Youth has friends who use drugs; 0=no, 1=yes	881	0.35	0.48	405	0.25	0.44	945	0.26	0.44	428		0.25	0.43
Youth has friends who are gang members; 0=no, 1=yes	912	0.13	0.34	413	0.18	0.39	937	0.14	0.35	434		0.14	0.35
Youth has friends who carry weapons; 0=no, 1=yes	902	0.14	0.35	418	0.12	0.33	956	0.10	0.30	435		0.09	0.29
Maternal Mental Health, 4 Items, AR
K6 psychological distress scale; mean score of 6-items, range 1 to 5	946	2.02	0.97	422	1.93	0.87	951	1.93	0.91	426		2.09	1.02
Lifetime depressive symptoms; 0=no symptoms, 1=symptoms	945	0.16	0.37	422	0.17	0.38	949	0.16	0.37	426		0.20	0.40
Past year generalized anxiety disorder; 0=no, 1=yes	929	0.39	0.49	417	0.42	0.49	934	0.38	0.48	416		0.40	0.49
Past 30 days did not feel calm and peaceful all or most of the time; 0=felt calm/peaceful, 1=did not feel calm/peaceful	944	0.52	0.50	422	0.53	0.50	951	0.50	0.50	426		0.58	0.49