Table 2.
Quantification results in human serum, urine, feces and E. coli cell samples (Median ± SE).
| Compounds | Concentrations | Compounds | Concentrations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
||||||||
| human serum (µg/mL) |
human urine (µg/mL) |
human feces (µg/10 mg) |
E. Coli cell (µg/1×107 cells) |
human serum (µg/mL) |
human urine (µg/mL) |
human feces (µg/10 mg) |
E. Coli cell (µg/1×107 cells) |
||
| 2-Hydroxybutyric acid | 3.71 ± 0.22 | 0.19 ± 0.11 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid | 7.32 ± 0.43 | 0.83 ± 0.08 | |||
| 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid | 0.32 ± 0.28 | L-Alanine | 23.15 ± 1.00 | 13.90 ± 1.41 | 1.59 ± 0.20 | 1.51 ± 0.27 | |||
| 3-Aminoisobutanoic acid | 3.91 ± 2.20 | L-Alpha-aminobutyric acid | 1.25 ± 0.05 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.05 | ||||
| 3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid | 5.07 ± 0.53 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | L-Asparagine | 10.15 ± 0.36 | 13.11 ± 0.57 | 1.02 ± 0.1 | |||
| 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid | 1.22 ± 0.35 | 0.26 ± 0.16 | L-Aspartic acid | 2.28 ± 0.03 | 3.13 ± 0.18 | 0.78 ± 0.11 | |||
| 3-Indolepropionic acid | 3.17 ± 0.19 | L-Cysteine | 1.35 ± 0.05 | 4.55 ± 0.32 | 0.07 ± 0.20 | 0.04 ± 0.004 | |||
| 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid | 23.78 ± 0.93 | 10.90 ± 0.16 | 1.12 ± 0.02 | 1.07 ± 0.01 | L-Glutamic acid | 10.6 ± 0.76 | 6.85 ± 0.51 | 67.69 ± 4.38 | 6.21 ± 0.94 |
| 3-Methylpentanoic acid | 0.04 ± 0.02 | L-Histidine | 63.24 ± 7.45 | 0.69 ± 0.14 | 0.78 ± 0.05 | ||||
| 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid | 0.60 ± 0.05 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | Linoleic acid | 810.87 ± 35.01 | 27.15 ± 4.35 | 0.11 ± 0.003 | |||
| 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid | 3.40 ± 0.45 | 3.09 ± 0.76 | L-Isoleucine | 5.47 ± 0.28 | 0.90 ± 0.05 | 0.52 ± 0.11 | 5.98 ± 1.06 | ||
| Adipic acid | 4.99 ± 0.68 | 0.40 ± 0.16 | L-Leucine | 11.64 ± 0.64 | 1.65 ± 0.12 | 0.82 ± 0.21 | 4.91 ± 0.87 | ||
| Alpha-Hydroxyisobutyric acid | 3.84 ± 0.24 | L-Lysine | 17.79 ± 0.75 | 13.48 ± 1.89 | 7.56 ± 0.64 | 5.59 ± 1.08 | |||
| Alpha-Linolenic acid | 133.05 ± 5.73 | 5.27 ± 1.31 | L-Methionine | 2.03 ± 0.08 | 0.68 ± 0.02 | 0.37 ± 0.05 | 0.53 ± 0.08 | ||
| Aminoadipic acid | 9.83 ± 1.12 | 0.57 ± 0.13 | L-Norleucine | 3.46 ± 0.57 | |||||
| Arachidic acid | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 1.56 ± 0.56 | L-Phenylalanine | 7.32 ± 0.26 | 5.21 ± 0.50 | 0.68 ± 0.22 | 2.86 ± 0.61 | ||
| Arachidonic acid | 78.26 ± 3.79 | 5.60 ± 2.45 | L-Proline | 16.6 ± 0.75 | 0.62 ± 0.03 | 0.63 ± 0.05 | 0.40 ± 0.06 | ||
| Behenic acid | 0.66 ± 0.17 | L-Tryptophan | 17.01 ± 0.37 | 15.33 ± 0.39 | 1.42 ± 0.05 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | |||
| Beta-Alanine | 5.32 ± 0.32 | 0.85 ± 0.05 | L-Tyrosine | 20.57 ± 0.94 | 12.39 ± 1.76 | 2.17 ± 0.35 | 1.09 ± 0.16 | ||
| Butyric acid | 0.35 ± 0.03 | 122.52 ± 18.54 | 0.03 ± 0.003 | L-Valine | 17.89 ± 0.71 | 2.16 ± 0.14 | 0.62 ± 0.16 | 1.55 ± 0.26 | |
| Capric acid | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.15 | Malic acid | 0.18 ± 0.05 | 1.36 ± 0.09 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | |||
| Caproic acid | 0.34 ± 0.31 | Malonic acid | 0.87 ± 0.04 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | |||||
| Caprylic acid | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | m-Cresol | 2.10 ± 0.18 | |||||
| cis-Aconitic acid | 1.98 ± 0.08 | 65.85 ± 5.63 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | Methylsuccinic acid | 0.95 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.06 | |||
| Citraconic acid | 1.66 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 0.004 | Myristic acid | 1.04 ± 0.51 | |||||
| Citramalic acid | 13.62 ± 0.76 | 0.72 ± 0.02 | Nervonic acid | 0.35 ± 0.04 | |||||
| Citric acid | 39.14 ± 2.19 | 915.84 ± 76.1 | 2.41 ± 0.16 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | Nicotinic acid | 2.61 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.16 | ||
| Docosapentaenoic acid | 3.22 ± 2.44 | 0.68 ± 0.33 | Nonadecanoic acid | 0.10 ± 0.01 | |||||
| Docosatrienoic acid | 14.32 ± 0.68 | 0.27 ± 0.07 | Norvaline | 0.33 ± 0.04 | 4.02 ± 0.65 | ||||
| Dodecanoic acid | 0.28 ± 0.02 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.22 ± 0.13 | 0.02 ± 0 | Oleic acid | 400.44 ± 13.75 | 38.04 ± 4.54 | 0.23 ± 0.01 | |
| Dopamine | 13.17 ± 0.33 | 15.81 ± 1.66 | 6.27 ± 0.16 | 0.97 ± 0.04 | Ornithine | 5.72 ± 0.16 | 1.28 ± 0.17 | ||
| Eicosapentaenoic acid | 393.26 ± 17.83 | 6.81 ± 2.29 | Ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid | 0.89 ± 0.04 | |||||
| Eicosatrienoic acid | 40.9 ± 3.25 | 3.08 ± 1.32 | Oxoglutaric acid | 2.76 ± 3.17 | 6.46 ± 0.50 | 0.19 ± 0.06 | 1.43 ± 0.74 | ||
| Eicosenoic acid | 5.35 ± 2.00 | 1.06 ± 0.30 | Palmitic acid | 167.74 ± 4.88 | 19.91 ± 1.53 | 0.24 ± 0.02 | |||
| Erucic acid | 0.57 ± 0.29 | Palmitoleic acid | 12.23 ± 1.04 | 2.05 ± 0.15 | |||||
| Ethylmethylacetic acid | 0.26 ± 0.01 | 1.75 ± 0.10 | 0.02 ± 0 | p-Cresol | 1.32 ± 0.11 | ||||
| Fumaric acid | 1.57 ± 0.03 | Pelargonic acid | 0.39 ± 0.01 | 0.044 ± 0.002 | |||||
| Gamma-Aminobutyric acid | 6.01 ± 0.05 | 1.22 ± 0.08 | 3.88 ± 0.48 | Pentadecanoic acid | 0.76 ± 0.02 | 1.12 ± 0.14 | 0.03 ± 0 | ||
| Glutaric acid | 2.51 ± 0.20 | 1.70 ± 0.24 | Phenol | 0.28 ± 0.001 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | ||||
| Glyceric acid | 37.68 ± 14.81 | 4.32 ± 0.34 | Phenylacetic acid | 1.58 ± 0.16 | 2.06 ± 0.16 | ||||
| Glycine | 11.54 ± 0.93 | 51.66 ± 3.94 | 1.16 ± 0.18 | p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid or 3-Indoleacetonitrile | 4.33 ± 0.72 | 0.10 ± 0.06 | |||
| Glycolic acid | 21.27 ± 2.64 | 2.03 ± 0.81 | Pimelic acid | 2.88 ± 0.12 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | ||||
| Heptadecanoic acid | 1.72 ± 0.06 | 0.62 ± 0.07 | Propionic acid | 10.98 ± 1.08 | 0.002 ± 0.001 | ||||
| Heptanoic acid | 0.05 ± 0.08 | Putrescine | 0.74 ± 0.27 | ||||||
| Hippuric acid | 218.77 ± 35.78 | Pyroglutamic acid | 33.68 ± 0.65 | ||||||
| Hydrocinnamic acid | 0.71 ± 0.19 | Salicyluric acid | 2.67 ± 0.35 | ||||||
| Indole | 0.67 ± 0.03 | Stearic acid | 125.55 ± 4.12 | 24.24 ± 1.87 | |||||
| Indoleacetic acid | 25.72 ± 1.65 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | Suberic acid | 12.39 ± 0.33 | 1.25 ± 0.08 | ||||
| Isobutyric acid | 0.002 ± 0.001 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 1.87 ± 0.13 | 0.02 ± 0.002 | Succinic acid | 12.42 ± 1.83 | 3.80 ± 1.86 | 0.14 ± 0.07 | |
| Isocaproic acid | 0.08 ± 0.04 | Tartaric acid | 10.71 ± 17.06 | ||||||
| Isocitric acid | 160.52 ± 15.64 | 0.64 ± 0.04 | Tetracosanoic acid | 0.37 ± 0.04 | |||||
| Isovaleric acid | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 2.26 ± 0.14 | 0.02 ± 0.001 | Valeric acid | 3.90 ± 0.30 | ||||
| Itaconic acid | 6.11 ± 0.27 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | Vanillic acid | 1.73 ± 0.26 | 0.18 ± 0.07 | ||||