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. 2017 Oct 31;7:14396. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14849-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Differences in the strength of mind-wandering and its phenomenological dimensions between experimental conditions (sad and happy music). Mean ratings (± SEM) of each item featured in the thought probes are shown (answer scales 1–7; see Table S1 for precise questions). ***P ≤ 0.001, valence (− + ) = negative/positive valence. (A) Significantly stronger mind-wandering and significantly less meta-awareness were observed during sad (compared with happy) music (P-values are one-tailed). (B) During sad (compared with happy) music, thoughts were significantly more self-referential. By contrast, during happy (compared with sad) music, thoughts were significantly more focused on positive content, movements, unknown people, music, and experiment. (C) During both sad and happy music, thoughts occurred significantly more in the form of images compared with words.