Pup retrieval behavior by the sires. The parental scores for CD38+/+ Wild-type (WT) or CD38−/− sires at 30 min (A) and 24 h (B) after a single i.p. injection of Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS), Oxytocin (OT), or the Lipo-oxytocins (LOTs) (100 ng/100 g of body weight); n = 8–10 for each test. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test was performed for 30 min (F5,52 = 13.32, p = 0.0001) and 24 h (F4,40 = 3.42 p = 0.017). Bonferroni post hoc test compared with CD38−/− treated by PBS revealed significance at * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01; n.s. not significant. ##
p < 0.01 for CD38−/− mice treated with OT.