Fig. S3.

Robust temperature adaptation under different nutrient conditions. (A) Simulated E. coli growth rate for 19 single-carbon (gray)/nitrogen (blue)/phosphate (yellow) nutrient conditions and two rich media (red) at 37 °C. These growth rates are used as reference to rank the nutrient quality in Fig. 3B. Relative growth rate is shown for all 21 nutrient conditions from 24 °C to 46 °C. The slope in the Arrhenius range is used to calculate the averaged activation energy for cell growth. Growth in xanthine (star) and hexanoate (triangle) shows slight deviations compared with that in the other nutrient conditions, likely due to different metabolic pathway use because of their low nutrient quality (low growth rate at 37 °C).