Table 2.
Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of non-accidental and cause-specific mortality for an increase of 10 μg/m3 in long-term PM10 concentration by four confounder models in 275,337 National Health Insurance Service- National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) subjects for 2002–2013 in South Korea.
| Model 1 | HRs (95% CIs) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Accidental | Cardiovascular | Cerebrovascular | Respiratory | Cancer | Lung Cancer | |
| Model 1 | 0.95 (0.90, 0.99 ) | 0.88 (0.79, 0.98) | 0.89 (0.75, 1.05) | 0.96 (0.76, 1.22) | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | 0.86 (0.75, 0.98) |
| Model 2 | 0.98 (0.93, 1.03 ) | 0.91 (0.82, 1.02) | 0.93 (0.79, 1.11) | 1.05 (0.83, 1.33) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) | 0.88 (0.77, 1.01) |
| Model 3 | 0.97 (0.93, 1.02) | 0.91 (0.81, 1.01) | 0.93 (0.78, 1.10) | 1.05 (0.83, 1.32) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) | 0.89 (0.77, 1.01) |
| Model 4 | 1.05 (0.99, 1.11) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.16) | 1.14 (0.93, 1.39) | 1.19 (0.91, 1.57) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) | 0.96 (0.82, 1.13) |
1 Model 1: + sex, age; Model 2: + income, smoking, alcohol use, obese, exercise; Model 3: + comorbidity of cardio-vascular disease, cerebrovascular, and diabetes; Model 4 (primary model): + district-level percent of high school education completed or more, percent of the elderly, and GRDP.