. 2017 Sep 26;14(10):1123. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101123

Table 5.

Factors influencing “overall perception of safety” and “frequency of events reported” in surgical departments.

Parameter	Overall Perception of Safety ^a(n = 1379)				Frequency of Events Reported ^b(n = 1379)				Collinearity
	Estimate	p	95% CI		Estimate	p	95% CI		Collinearity
	Estimate	p	Lower	Upper	Estimate	p	Lower	Upper	Tolerance	VIF ^c
Intercept	0.082	0.742	−0.409	0.574	1.186	0.006	0.343	2.029
Staff position	0.089	0.037 *	0.006	0.172	0.012	0.868	−0.133	0.158	0.760	1.316
Years in hospital	−0.027	0.285	−0.076	0.022	0.087	0.048 *	0.001	0.174	0.218	4.594
Years in department	−0.024	0.365	−0.077	0.028	−0.047	0.319	−0.140	0.046	0.220	4.546
Years in current profession	0.006	0.778	−0.038	0.051	−0.013	0.745	−0.091	0.065	0.438	2.284
Hours worked per week	0.027	0.201	−0.014	0.068	0.053	0.148	−0.019	0.124	0.848	1.180
Average monthly income	0.010	0.761	−0.057	0.077	0.083	0.149	−0.030	0.195	0.843	1.187
Contact with patients	0.136	0.144	−0.047	0.319	0.109	0.503	−0.211	0.430	0.939	1.065
Teamwork within units	0.169	<0.001 *	0.089	0.249	0.016	0.826	−0.123	0.154	0.545	1.834
Organizational learning and continuous improvement	0.147	<0.001 *	0.067	0.226	0.117	0.100	−0.023	0.257	0.582	1.717
Staffing	0.144	<0.001 *	0.067	0.220	−0.046	0.492	−0.179	0.086	0.859	1.164
Nonpunitive response to error	0.095	0.001 *	0.041	0.149	−0.006	0.903	−0.101	0.089	0.754	1.327
Supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety	0.179	<0.001 *	0.100	0.258	0.043	0.541	−0.095	0.181	0.510	1.960
Feedback and communication about errors	0.027	0.415	−0.038	0.091	0.469	0.000 *	0.356	0.581	0.528	1.893
Communication openness	−0.029	0.423	−0.099	0.041	−0.104	0.098	−0.227	0.019	0.573	1.746
Hospital handoffs and transitions	0.009	0.789	−0.058	0.077	0.022	0.718	−0.096	0.139	0.575	1.739
Teamwork across hospital units	0.066	0.125	−0.019	0.151	0.267	0.000 *	0.118	0.415	0.438	2.282
Hospital management support for patient safety	0.067	0.037 *	0.004	0.131	0.087	0.117	−0.022	0.196	0.502	1.991

Notes: * represents the dimensions and items with statistical significance in surgical departments; ^a Two-level multiple linear regression model: the first level comprises medical staff in surgical units, and the second level comprises county hospitals; ^b Multiple linear regression model; ^c VIF: Variance inflation factor. All VIFs < 5, showing no collinearity among the independent variables.