Skip to main content
. 2017 Sep 27;14(10):1136. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101136

Table 3.

Reasons for the persistence of respiratory morbidity in patients with repaired congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula.

Reasons

  • Malformation itself

  • Acquired damage after the surgical repair

  • Co-morbidities

  • Recurrence of lower respiratory tract infections

  • Atopy

  • Smoking habits