Table A1.
Variables | OR | LCR | UCL | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age a | 80–89 vs. 65–79 | 1.34 | 1.14 | 1.58 | 0.00 |
90–99 vs. 65–79 | 2.23 | 1.91 | 2.61 | 0.00 | |
100+ vs. 65–79 | 2.88 | 2.46 | 3.38 | 0.00 | |
Sex b | Male vs. female | 0.66 | 0.61 | 0.71 | 0.00 |
Ethnicity b | Han vs. minority | 0.37 | 0.29 | 0.46 | 0.00 |
Marital status a | Married vs. not married | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.74 | 0.00 |
Per capita household income c | Quartile 2 vs. quartile 1 | 0.90 | 0.79 | 1.03 | 0.12 |
Quartile 3 vs. quartile 1 | 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.79 | 0.00 | |
Quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.00 | |
Education b | Secondary vs. primary/uneducated | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.39 | 0.00 |
Tertiary vs. primary/uneducated | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. primary/uneducated | 0.47 | 0.31 | 0.70 | 0.00 | |
Spousal education b | Secondary vs. primary/uneducated | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.41 | 0.00 |
Tertiary vs. primary/uneducated | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. primary/uneducated | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.49 | 0.00 | |
Occupation b | Professional/technical/managerial personnel vs. farmer | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.00 |
Commercial/industrial worker vs. farmer | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.53 | 0.00 | |
Housekeeper vs. farmer | 0.43 | 0.38 | 0.48 | 0.00 | |
Others vs. farmer | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.47 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. farmer | 0.60 | 0.27 | 1.33 | 0.21 | |
Spousal occupation b | Professional/technical/managerial personnel vs. farmer | 0.19 | 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.00 |
Commercial/industrial worker vs. farmer | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.53 | 0.00 | |
Housekeeper vs. farmer | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.39 | 0.00 | |
Others vs. farmer | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. farmer | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.00 | |
Residence a | Urban vs. rural | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.24 | 0.00 |
Living arrangement c | Live alone vs. live with others | 0.95 | 0.84 | 1.08 | 0.43 |
Missing vs. live with others | 0.74 | 0.44 | 1.22 | 0.24 | |
Health status c | Good SRH vs. poor SRH | 0.79 | 0.69 | 0.90 | 0.00 |
Fair SRH vs. poor SRH | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.99 | 0.04 | |
Not able to answer vs. poor SRH | 0.87 | 0.73 | 1.03 | 0.10 | |
ADLs impaired c | Yes vs. no | 1.03 | 0.93 | 1.13 | 0.58 |
Missing vs. no | 1.07 | 0.51 | 2.24 | 0.86 | |
Bedridden c | Yes vs. no | 0.97 | 0.89 | 1.06 | 0.53 |
Missing vs. no | 0.89 | 0.44 | 1.80 | 0.75 | |
Cause of death c | Malignant tumor vs. others | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.39 | 0.00 |
CVD and heart disease vs. others | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.00 | |
Respiratory vs. others | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.53 | 0.00 | |
Accident vs. others | 1.03 | 0.82 | 1.30 | 0.80 | |
Natural death vs. others | 1.59 | 1.25 | 2.01 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. others | 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.91 | 0.00 | |
Primary caregiver c | Spouse vs. others | 3.42 | 2.82 | 4.15 | 0.00 |
Children/grandchildren vs. others | 8.24 | 7.48 | 9.08 | 0.00 | |
No body/do not need care vs. others | 2.89 | 2.37 | 3.53 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. others | 6.74 | 3.60 | 12.61 | 0.00 | |
Timely medical treatment c | Yes vs. no | 0.49 | 0.40 | 0.59 | 0.00 |
Not ill vs. no | 1.04 | 0.84 | 1.30 | 0.71 | |
Missing vs. no | 0.38 | 0.20 | 0.71 | 0.00 | |
Financial source c | Retirement wage/self-work vs. spouse/children/grandchildren | 0.84 | 0.73 | 0.95 | 0.01 |
Government subsidies/others vs. spouse/children/grandchildren | 5.94 | 5.30 | 6.66 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. spouse/children/grandchildren | 7.01 | 1.67 | 29.43 | 0.01 | |
Who paid medical cost c | Free public/collective medical care/insurance vs. family | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.00 |
Others vs. family | 0.63 | 0.50 | 0.81 | 0.00 | |
Missing vs. family | 0.58 | 0.37 | 0.89 | 0.01 | |
Availability of health care services b | General hospitals | 0.99 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.05 |
Hospital beds | 0.60 | 0.42 | 0.85 | 0.01 | |
Ratio of daily occupied bed | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.04 | 0.00 | |
Regions b | Eastern vs. western | 0.69 | 0.63 | 0.76 | 0.00 |
Middle vs. western | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.86 | 0.00 | |
Year | 2002 vs. 2000 | 0.66 | 0.56 | 0.76 | 0.00 |
2005 vs. 2000 | 0.71 | 0.62 | 0.81 | 0.00 | |
2008 vs. 2000 | 0.74 | 0.64 | 0.85 | 0.00 | |
2011/2012 vs. 2000 | 0.93 | 0.81 | 1.07 | 0.32 |
OR, Odds ratio; LCL, Lower 95% confidence limit; UCL, Upper 95% confidence limit; SRH, Self-rated health; ADL, Activities of daily living. a Measured at death; b Measured at previous wave; c Measured before death.