. 2017 Oct 24;14(10):1285. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101285

Table 1.

The characteristics of soil seed bank and vegetation in different habitats.

Species	Soil Seed Bank (seeds/m²)						Vegetation Cover (%)
Species	Ps	Pn	As	An	Rs	Rn	Ps	Pn	As	An	Rs	Rn
Annuals/biennials
Amaranthus tricolor	2
Androsace septentrionalis		23		28	4
Artemisia hedinii	94	6		250	553	11	0.2
Artemisia scoparia	1701	966	983	2072	1463	1448		0.1				0.1
Bidens pilosa	3			6
Bothriospermum chinense	5	31			4	4
Chenopodium serotinum			11	11	4	2
Digitaria sanguinalis					2
Dracocephalum moldavica	20	18	28	11	7	4	0.0			0.8		0.1
Echinochloa crusgali						2
Euphorbia humifusa	2	15	6	67	6	13
Eragrostis pilosa	17	2		6	15
Galium aparine							0.3
Incarvillea sinensis							0.1
Ixeris polycephala		2		11		11
Kochia scoparia	3				2
Leonurus artemisia						17
Linum stelleroides		12			15	26
Plantago asiatica	2				6	2
Salsola collina	61	57			2		0.6	0.9
Saussurea japonica							0.1	0.1		0.2
Setaria viridis	78	21	22	122	35	83				0.2
Sonchus oleraceus					2
Swertia bimaculata	123	370				133
Torilis scabra					2
Torularia humilis			11		158	50
Perennial herbs
Artemisia giraldii		12	6		2	41		0.6	0.8		9.4	1.2
Artemisia mongolica							0.3	0.4				0.1
Astragalus adsurgens		3		39	2	2
Astragalus scaberrimus												0.1
Bupleurum yinchowense		11						0.4
Dendranthema indicum		3				11				1.7		4.9
Diarthron linifolium								0.0
Geranium wilfordii	3
Gerbera anandria						7
Glycyrrhiza uralensis							0.6	0.8	0.8			0.2
Heteropappus altaicus	3	18	6	78	20	20	0.5	0.7	0.2		0.1
Ixeridium chinense	57	11	11	11	55	13
Ixeris sonchifolia Bge. Hance	149	48		22	37	175	0.1					0.1
Leontopodium leontopodioides		2										0.3
Linum perenne	2
Melilotus officinalis	3	17			4	18		0.1	1.7	0.7	0.1	0.3
Oxytropis discolor						2					0.1
Patrinia scabiosaefolia	12	23		6	9	74		2.1		0.8		3.6
Polygala tenuifolia	17	2			11	2	0.1				0.2
Potentilla bifurca								0.7				0.1
Potentilla tanacetifolia		66	44		2	4		0.2	0.8			0.0
Pulsatilla chinensis								0.2
Rubia cordifolia						2
Serratula centauroides									0.2
Thalictrum aquilegifolium										0.7
Vicia amoena Fisch. ex DC.		2								0.3		4.4
Viola dissecta	2	29			9	15		0.1
Viola philippica							0.1
Perennial grasses
Bothriochloa ischcemum	3	11	556		103	4	0.2		29.0		1.3
Carex lanceolata						20
Cleistogenes caespitosa									0.2
Cleistogenes chinensis	6	8			311	17	0.3	0.4			3.6	0.1
Cleistogenes hancei						6						0.3
Cleistogenes squarrosa				17					1.0	1.3
Helictotrichon schellianum								0.1
Koeleria cristata												0.5
Leymus secalinus						2
Melica radula						98
Melica scabrosa	54	9				24		0.2				0.4
Pennisetum centrasiaticum										0.2
Phragmites australis							0.7	0.4
Poa sphondylodes	63	193		907	134	1074						0.1
Stipa bungeana	743	89	39	17	11	48	9.0	4.1	0.5	2.3	0.6	0.6
Roegneria kamoji	2						0.1					0.0
Shrubs/Sub-shrubs
Ampelopsis glandulosa										0.8		1.7
Artemisia gmelinii	52	180	11	89	41	326	1.3	11.8	2.2	30.0	7.7	8.5
Buddleja alternifolia	3				114	6					3.1
Caragana korshinskii								1.2		3.3
Clematis fruticosa					4	2					0.9
Lespedeza cuneata						2						0.1
Lespedeza davurica	5	9	44	33	77	13	0.7	0.8	3.3		3.4	0.3
Lespedeza floribunda											3.9
Periploca sepium		2					0.5				0.8	0.2
Prinsepia utilis											2.3
Sophora davidii					24						7.9
Syringa oblata						6
Rubus parvifolius												0.1
Ziziphus jujuba											0.3
Trees
Ailanthus giraldii											0.7
Robinia pseudoacacia	71	2
Ulmus pumila										3.3

Note: Ps/Pn—south/ north-facing afforested slope land, As/An—south/north-facing abandoned slope land with spontaneous restoration, Rs/Rn—south/north-facing slope lands with remnant natural vegetation.