Table 1. Experimental evidence for the efficacy of promising neuroprotective therapies.
| Neuroprotective/
neural reparative therapy |
Injury model, species | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Riluzole | Contusion, T7–T10, rat | 69 |
| Compression, T8, rat | 70 | |
| Compression, T6, rat | 71 | |
| Contusion, T10, rat | 72 | |
| Compression, T11, rat | 73 | |
| Contusion, T8, rat | 74 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 75 | |
| Hemisection, C2, rat | 35 | |
| Compression, C7, rat | 76 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 77 | |
| Compression, C7, rat | 78 | |
| Compression, C7, rat | 79 | |
| Transection, S2, rat | 34 | |
| Hypothermia | Contusion, T8, rat | 80 |
| Compression, T8, rat | 81 | |
| Compression, T8, rat | 82 | |
| Compression, T11, rat | 83 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 84 | |
| Contusion, T10, rat | 85 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 75 | |
| Contusion, C5, rat | 86 | |
| Glibenclamide | Contusion, T8, rat | 87 |
| Unilateral contusion, T9, mouse | 88 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 75 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 89 | |
| Contusion, C7, rat | 90 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C4, rat | 42 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 77 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C7, rat | 91 | |
| Granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor |
Contusion, T10, rat | 92 |
| Compression, T9, rat | 93 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 94 | |
| Hemisection, T10, mouse | 95 | |
| Contusion, T8, rat | 96 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 97 | |
| Contusion, T8, rat | 44 | |
| Compression, T8, mouse | 98 | |
| Compression, T7, mouse | 99 | |
| Transection, T8, mouse | 100 | |
| Contusion, T8, rat | 101 | |
| Compression, T8, rat | 102 | |
| Minocycline | Contusion, T7, rat | 103 |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 104 | |
| Contusion, T9, mouse | 105 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 106 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 107 | |
| Hemisection, T13, rat | 108 | |
| Contusion, T10, rat | 109 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 110 | |
| Contusion, T10, rat | 111 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 112 | |
| Dorsal transection, C7, rat | 113 | |
| Unilateral contusion, C5, rat | 114 | |
| Compression, T3, mouse | 115 | |
| Cethrin (VX-210) | Contusion, T8, mouse | 116 |
| Dorsal hemisection, T7, mouse | 117 | |
| Dorsal transection, T3, rat | 118 | |
| Contusion, T9, rat | 119 | |
| Anti-Nogo-A
antibody |
Hemisection, T10, rat | 120 |
| Dorsolateral hemisection, T8, rat | 121 | |
| T-shape transection, T9, rat | 122 | |
| Partial hemisection, T8, monkey | 123 | |
| T-shape transection, T8, rat | 124 | |
| T-shape transection, T8, rat | 125 | |
| T-shape transection, T8, rat | 126 | |
| Dorsal hemisection, T8, rat | 52 | |
| Partial dorsal transection, T6, rat | 53 | |
| Partial hemisection, C7, monkey | 54 | |
| Hemisection, C7, monkey | 55 |
The table summarizes the model, anatomical level of spinal cord injury, and the species used to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanisms of action of the neuroprotective therapies undergoing clinical trials. Although this list is not exhaustive, it highlights that thoracic models of spinal cord injury are most commonly applied at the preclinical level. All injury models are bilateral if not stated otherwise.