Table 2. Descriptive statistics of variables.
| n (%) | Mean ± sd | Skew | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 238 (49.0) | ||
| Female | 248 (51.0) | ||
| Age (yrs) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 35.8 ± 15.4 | 0.7 |
| Number of school years completed (HS + college) (yrs) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 11.3 ± 1.9 | -1.2 |
| Runs out of money for food b | |||
| Never | 41 (8.4) | ||
| Seldom | 37 (7.6) | ||
| Sometimes | 159 (32.7) | ||
| Most times | 107 (22.0) | ||
| Always | 80 (16.5) | ||
| Missing | 62 (12.8) | ||
| Runs out of money for utilities b | |||
| Never | 90 (18.5) | ||
| Seldom | 61 (12.6) | ||
| Sometimes | 132 (27.2) | ||
| Most times | 59 (12.1) | ||
| Always | 77 (15.8) | ||
| Missing | 67 (13.8) | ||
| Main language spoken at home is English | |||
| No | 338 (69.5) | ||
| Yes | 148 (30.5) | ||
| Follows Western lifestyle | |||
| Not at all | 15 (3.1) | ||
| Some | 375 (77.2) | ||
| A lot | 95 (19.5) | ||
| Missing | 1 (0.2) | ||
| Main language spoken at home is Yup’ik or Cup’ik | |||
| No | 149 (30.7) | ||
| Yes | 337 (69.3) | ||
| Follows Yup’ik lifestyle | |||
| Not at all | 5 (1.0) | ||
| Some | 242 (49.8) | ||
| A lot | 239 (49.2) | ||
| Speaks Yup’ik or Cup’ik | |||
| No | 24 (4.9) | ||
| Yes | 462 (95.1) | ||
| δ15N isotope level (‰) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 8.8 ± 1.3 | 0.8 |
| Subsistence food dietary pattern scorea | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 0.2 ± 2.3 | -0.3 |
| δ13C isotope level (‰) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | -19.7 ± 0.7 | -0.4 |
| Processed foods dietary pattern scorea | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 0.8 ± 2.2 | -0.4 |
| Fruits and vegetables dietary pattern scorea | |||
| Continuous | 486 | -0.0 ± 2.2 | -0.3 |
| Activity counts per day (count) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 60767.1 ± 37769.1 | 1.9 |
| Moderate to vigorous activity time per day (minutes) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 201.9 ± 176.9 | 1.4 |
| Rest time per day (minutes)b | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 940.3 ± 163.7 | -1.5 |
| Never, past or current smoke tobacco user | |||
| Never Smoker | 166 (34.2) | ||
| Past Smoker | 153 (31.5) | ||
| Current Smoker | 167 (34.4) | ||
| Cigarettes smoked per day (count) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 1.6 ± 3.4 | 3.3 |
| Among smokers | 4.7 ± 4.3 | ||
| Never, past or current smokeless user | |||
| Never Smokeless | 79 (16.3) | ||
| Past Smokeless | 47 (9.7) | ||
| Current Smokeless | 360 (74.1) | ||
| Smokeless tobacco uses per day (count) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 3.6 ± 3.5 | 1.3 |
| Among users | 4.9 ± 3.9 | ||
| Waist circumference (cm) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 87.6 ± 14.1 | 1 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 26.7 ± 5.7 | 1.1 |
| Plasmatic HDL cholesterol (mg/Dl) b | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 62.9 ± 18.1 | 0.9 |
| Plasmatic triglycerides (mg/Dl) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 82.4 ± 44.3 | 3.2 |
| Fasting plasmatic glucose (mg/Dl) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 90.8 ± 9.8 | 0.3 |
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 5.5 ± 0.3 | 0.5 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 116.3 ± 13.4 | 0.7 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 68.0 ± 9.5 | 0.3 |
| Plasmatic LDL cholesterol (mg/Dl) | |||
| Continuous | 486 | 124.7 ± 34.8 | 0.7 |
aPattern scores are calculated from food frequencies [65]
bVariable is reverse coded