Table 3. Changes in nutritional parameters by personalized nutritional counseling over time.

Characteristics	Baseline	3rd month	6th month	p (baseline vs. 3rd month)	p (baseline vs. 6th month)
BMI, kg/m2	22.84 ± 3.847	22.83 ± 3.63	22.8 ± 3.56	0.933	0.721
Handgrip strength	23.21 ± 10.19	23.94 ± 10.89	22.94 ± 11.08	0.396	0.749
MQ-SGA	10.17 ± 1.32	-	10.62 ± 1.70	-	0.053
MIS	5.33 ± 2.78	-	5.31 ± 2.56	-	0.945
Calorie intake, kcal	1,375.86 ± 385.86	1,396.38 ± 382.86	1,346.61 ± 337.49	0.672	0.440
Protein intake, g	43.99 ± 18.43	45.93 ± 16.40	48.61 ± 14.07	0.253	0.047*
Percentage of calorie intake/target	80.03 ± 21.50	80.98 ± 19.57	78.66 ± 18.92	0.747	0.537
Percentage of protein intake/target	63.75 ± 25.30	66.58 ± 22.23	71.21 ± 20.86	0.245	0.028*
Albumin, g/dL	3.93 ± 0.40	4.02 ± 0.36	4.10 ± 0.38	0.108	0.002†
TIBC, mcg/dL	215.81 ± 56.07	219.93 ± 37.81	224.38 ± 38.51	0.451	0.257
Hemoglobin, g/dL	10.45 ± 0.97	10.59 ± 1.09	10.50 ± 0.93	0.456	0.743
Cholesterol, mg/dL	151.67 ± 34.78	154.31 ± 32.90	160.40 ± 31.70	0.508	0.036*
BUN, mg/dL	64.80 ± 19.39	64.53 ± 17.13	65.60 ± 22.76	0.905	0.767
Creatinine, mg/dL	9.74 ± 2.90	9.51 ± 2.67	9.72 ± 2.85	0.219	0.903
Potassium, mmol/L	5.13 ± 0.68	4.94 ± 0.66	4.78 ± 0.66	0.107	0.011*
Phosphate, mg/dL	4.69 ± 1.64	4.80 ± 1.65	4.64 ± 1.39	0.630	0.842

BMI, body mass index; MQ-SGA, modified quantitative subjective global assessment; MIS, malnutrition-inflammation score; TIBC, total iron binding capacity; BUN, blood urea nitrogen.

^*p < 0.05, ^†p < 0.01.