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Effect of innovation on the niche. Niche breadth before a hypothetical innovation is shown by the solid curve. In (A), the innovation is associated with simultaneous expansion (right extreme) and contraction (left extreme) of the niche. In (B), the innovation permits increased effectiveness, efficiency and/or yield, resulting in greater domination of part of the same niche. In (C), the innovation is associated with entering a new niche.
