Table 1.

Material properties used in the simulations.

component	material type	parameter	value	references
collagen fibres		A	43.3 MPa	Lai [24]
		B	2.5
		S	7854 nm2
focal adhesion fibres		A	21.65 MPa	—
		B	2.5
		S	7854 nm2
microtubule	linear fibres	spring constant	0.94 N m−1	Pampaloni [30] Fadić [31]
non-microtubule part of axon	linear elastic	Young's modulus	0.1 A, 0.01 A, 0.001 A	—