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. 2017 Sep 19;108(11):2265–2272. doi: 10.1111/cas.13386

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytotoxicity effect of combination treatment with sorafenib (SOR) and betulinic acid (BA) on non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. (a) Representative Annexin V‐FITC/PI‐double staining histograms of A549, H358 and A427 cells after treatments with 1.3 μg/mL sorafenib and 3 μg/mL betulinic acid alone and in combination (n = 4). (b) Representative immunoblot of cleaved caspase‐9 and caspase‐8 activation and PARP fragmentation from A549 cells treated with 1.3 μg/mL sorafenib and 3 μg/mL betulinic acid alone and in combination (n = 3). Actin served as a loading control. (c) Representative immunoblot of CHOP expression from A549 cells treated with 1.3 μg/mL sorafenib and 3 μg/mL betulinic acid alone and in combination (n = 3). Actin served as a loading control. (d) Representative immunoblot of bcl‐2 family expression from A549 cells treated with 1.3 μg/mL sorafenib and 3 μg/mL betulinic acid alone and in combination (n = 3). Actin served as a loading control. (e) Representative immunoblots of phospho‐Akt (Ser473), Akt, phospho‐mTOR (Ser2481), mTOR, phospho‐ERK1/2, ERK1/2 expression from A549 cells after 24 h treatment with 1.3 μg/mL sorafenib and 3 μg/mL betulinic acid alone and in combination (n = 3). Actin served as a loading control.