Partial total ion chromatograms of wax ester extracts (a–c) and corresponding pyrograms (d–f) of uropygial glands from specimens of the Common Blackbird, Turdus merula (a,d), the Ringed Teal, Callonetta leucophrys (b,e) and the Middle Spotted Woodpecker, Dendrocopos medius (c,f). Numbers correspond to the total number of carbon atoms for n-alkenes, methyl-branched alkenes or wax esters. Wax ester nomenclature corresponds to x/y, where x is the fatty alcohol and y is the fatty acid. Letters correspond to pyrolysates given in table 1. ‘Chol. is cholesterol.