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. 2017 Oct 9;15(10):305. doi: 10.3390/md15100305

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Suppression of the phospho-Akt (pAkt) expression in the presence of marine carotenoids, fucoxanthin (Fx) and its metabolite fucoxanthinol (FxOH) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The pAkt protein expression due to the Fx and FxOH in the range of 2.5–20 μM on the Nrf2-ARE signaling in cells was examined. (a) Western blot analysis of the pAkt protein in the presence of compounds. (b) Densitometry analysis of the expression of pAkt protein. Data were expressed as mean (n = 3) ± SD. Analysis of data was carried out using ANOVA and Tukey’s method for multiple comparisons. A significance p < 0.05 between two bars with the different alphabetical letters was considered statistically significant.