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. 2017 Oct 16;15(10):314. doi: 10.3390/md15100314

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) assay. The effect of C1 sub-fraction of methanolic extract of H. parva (250, 500 and 1000 μg/mL) on MMP collapse in: the normal mitochondria (A); and the HCC mitochondria (B) obtained from liver hepatocytes at within 60 min of incubation. The cytochrome c release assay. (A) Control means vehicle treated normal mitochondria. (B) Control means vehicle treated HCC mitochondria. *** and **** indicate significant differences in comparison with corresponding control (HCC) groups for p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively. (C) The effect of C1 sub-fraction of methanolic extract of H. parva (500 μg/mL) on cytochrome c release in the normal mitochondria and the HCC mitochondria obtained from liver hepatocytes at within 60 min of incubation. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3). *** indicate significant differences in comparison with corresponding control (HCC) groups for p < 0.001. ^### Significant differences in the comparison with 500 μM (HCC) C1 sub-fraction (p < 0.001).