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. 2017 Oct 6;7(10):307. doi: 10.3390/nano7100307

Table 2.

Referenced iron oxide nanoparticle human studies.

Reference Cohort Exposure Particulates Size Adverse Outcomes
[24] Andujar 21 welders, average 27 years exposure Iron oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide Unknown/not-reported Fibrotic lesions, elevated iron load. In vitro treatment with representative nanoparticles caused increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
[4] Pelclova 14 workers in iron oxide pigment production facility, average 10 years exposure Iron oxide (primarily α-Fe2O3) 80% measured particles less than 100 nm in diameter Elevated oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate and urine.