Table 2.

Correlation between plasma levels of ESM-1 and clinicopathological parameters in 438 OSCC patients.

	ESM-1 levels		p value
Variables	Low levels (n=275)	High levels (n=163)
Age (years)
<55	143 (52.0%)	66 (40.5%)	0.020*
≥55	132 (48.0%)	97 (59.5%)
Smoking status
No	28 (10.2%)	18 (11.0%)	0.776
Yes	247 (89.8%)	145 (89.0%)
Drinking status
No	116 (42.2%)	89 (54.6%)	0.012*
Yes	159 (57.8%)	74 (45.4%)
Betel nuts chewing
No	53 (19.3%)	33 (20.2%)	0.804
Yes	222 (80.7%)	130 (79.8%)
Cancer location
Buccal mucosa	109 (39.6% )	48 (27.4% )	0.196
Tongue	76 (27.6 %)	54 (33.2 %)
Gingiva	40 (14.5 %)	28 (17.2 %)
Others	50 (18.3 %)	33 (20.2 %)
Stage
I+II	127 (46.2% )	71 (43.6% )	0.594
III+IV	148 (53.8 %)	92 (56.4 %)
Tumor T status
T1	104 (37.8% )	37 (22.7% )	0.001*
T2+T3+T4	171 (62.2 %)	126 (77.3 %)
Lymph node status
N0	184 (66.9%)	103 (63.2%)	0.429
N1+N2+N3	91 (33.1%)	60 (36.8%)
Metastasis
M0	275 (100.0%)	161 (98.8%)	0.066
M1	0 (0%)	2 (1.2%)
Cell differentiation
Well differentiated	37 (13.5%)	22 (13.5%)	0.990
Moderately or poorly differentiated	238 (86.5%)	141 (86.5%)

*p<0.05.