Table 1.
Number of cancer cases and controls and statistical power in Mendelian randomisation study of circulating vitamin D concentration and risk of seven cancers
| Cancer type | Study | Cases | Controls | Minimum detectable OR* (R2=0.03) | Minimum detectable OR* (R2=0.05) | OR (95% CI) in published meta-analyses† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorectal | ||||||
| All | GAME-ON | 5100 | 4831 | 0.72/1.39 | 0.78/1.28 | 0.74 (0.63 to 0.89)37 |
| All | GECCO | 11 488 | 11 679 | 0.81/1.23 | 0.85/1.18 | |
| All (women) | GECCO | 6132 | 6380 | 0.75/1.33 | 0.80/1.25 | NR |
| All (men) | GECCO | 5356 | 5297 | 0.73/1.37 | 0.78/1.28 | NR |
| Colon | GECCO | 7678 | 11 679 | 0.78/1.28 | 0.83/1.20 | NR |
| Rectal | GECCO | 2783 | 11 679 | 0.68/1.47 | 0.75/1.33 | NR |
| Distal colon | GECCO | 3354 | 11 679 | 0.70/1.43 | 0.77/1.30 | NR |
| Proximal colon | GECCO | 4185 | 11 679 | 0.73/1.37 | 0.79/1.27 | NR |
| Breast | ||||||
| All | DRIVE | 15 748 | 18 084 | 0.84/1.19 | 0.87/1.15 | 0.89 (0.81 to 0.98)38 |
| ER− | DRIVE | 4939 | 13 128 | 0.75/1.29 | 0.80/1.22 | NR |
| Prostate | ||||||
| All | PRACTICAL | 22 898 | 23 054 | 0.86/1.16 | 0.89/1.12 | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.10)39 |
| All | GAME-ON | 14 159 | 12 712 | 0.82/1.22 | 0.86/1.17 | |
| Aggressive | GAME-ON | 4445 | 12 724 | 0.74/1.30 | 0.79/1.23 | 0.98 (0.84 to 1.15)39 |
| Ovarian | ||||||
| All | FOCI | 4369 | 9123 | 0.73/1.33 | 0.79/1.25 | 0.91 (0.79 to 1.04)40 |
| Clear-cell | FOCI | 356 | 9123 | 0.19/1.86 | 0.36/1.67 | NR |
| Endometrioid | FOCI | 715 | 9123 | 0.43/1.62 | 0.55/1.48 | NR |
| Serous | FOCI | 2556 | 9123 | 0.67/1.39 | 0.74/1.30 | NR |
| Lung | ||||||
| All | TRICL-ILCCO | 12 537 | 17 285 | 0.82/1.20 | 0.86/1.16 | 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99)41 |
| Adenocarcinoma | TRICL-ILCCO | 3804 | 16 289 | 0.73/1.30 | 0.78/1.23 | NR |
| Squamous | TRICL-ILCCO | 3546 | 16 434 | 0.72/1.31 | 0.78/1.24 | NR |
| Pancreatic | ||||||
| All | PanScan1‡ | 1896 | 1939 | 0.59/1.67 | 0.67/1.49 | NR |
| Neuroblastoma | ||||||
| All | Capasso, et al17‡ | 1627 | 3254 | 0.58/1.57 | 0.66/1.43 | NR |
NR=not reported; ER−=oestrogen receptor negative.
*Minimum detectable odds ratio per 1 SD increase/decrease in 25(OH)D concentration; assume 80% power, 5% alpha level, and that 3% or 5% of 25(OH)D variance is explained by four single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2282679, rs10741657, rs12785878, rs6013897) used in this paper. 1 SD in 25(OH)D corresponds to about 25 nmol/L (10 ng/mL).
†Summary random effects odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for association of continuous 25(OH)D concentration (per 25 nmol/L) and risk of cancer in most recent published meta-analysis that reported dose-response summary result.
‡Obtained through MR-base platform.