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. 2017 Oct 24;18(10):2221. doi: 10.3390/ijms18102221

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1–34) treatment increased osteoblast activity during osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). (A) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining of hMSCs at day 7 of osteogenic induction and after treatment with 0.2, 1, 10, and 50 nM PTH (1–34) using two modalities: intermittent: 2 h per day for 7 days; and continuous: every 2 days for 7 days. Cells with ALP activity stained blue; (B) Alizarin Red staining for mineralized deposits in hMSCs at day 7 of osteogenic differentiation and after intermittent and continuous treatment with various concentrations (nM) of PTH (1–34); (C) Relative ALP activity in hMSCs at day 7 of osteogenic differentiation and after intermittent and continuous treatment with various concentrations (nM) of PTH (1–34). The relative activity in the samples was determined and compared to that of the no PTH (1–34) treatment control group and normalized to the total protein concentration (units/mg). Data are represented as mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical data analysis was performed by performing one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc tests. Different letters represent significant differences between groups; those with the same letters were not significant (p < 0.05).