Table 3. Protein concentrations in vitreous of control and PDR patients.
Protein concentrations were determined by Quantibody arrays in patients with vitreal floaters (CON) and patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) that underwent vitreoretinal surgery.
| CON | PDR | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOD | mean | SD | min | max | mean | SD | min | max | Fold Change | P-value | |
| Adiponectin* | 5.5 | 9680.0 | 4869.9 | 2116.3 | 17181.5 | 38271.7 | 21622.7 | 6359.8 | 71881.8 | 3.95 | <0.001 |
| ANG-1 | 5.4 | 95.1 | 28.0 | 57.0 | 137.8 | 259.6 | 240.4 | 69.4 | 863.9 | 2.73 | 0.031 |
| ANG-2 | 5.1 | 93.5 | 52.9 | 28.9 | 161.0 | 1802.4 | 2979.4 | 117.8 | 11369.4 | 19.28 | 0.061 |
| AR | 8.2 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| BDNF | 1.0 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| bFGF | 32.5 | 117.0 | 236.8 | 23.0 | 653.7 | 45.2 | 19.6 | 23.0 | 80.0 | 0.39 | 0.454 |
| BMP-2 | 1.7 | 59.2 | 11.5 | 44.6 | 73.4 | 95.9 | 51.5 | 27.7 | 202.6 | 1.62 | 0.028 |
| BMP-5 | 148.6 | 240.7 | 111.3 | 105.1 | 396.9 | 281.8 | 106.4 | 105.1 | 513.1 | 1.17 | 0.439 |
| b-NGF | 2.9 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| COCO | 418.2 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| DcR3 | 242.7 | 202.1 | 52.1 | 171.6 | 282.1 | 656.5 | 655.2 | 171.6 | 2487.7 | 3.25 | 0.028 |
| ErbB3 | 13.0 | 154.5 | 24.5 | 126.5 | 186.6 | 179.4 | 98.2 | 9.2 | 403.9 | 1.16 | 0.401 |
| E-Selectin | 50.2 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| Galectin-3 | 32.5 | 162.9 | 284.2 | 23.0 | 798.7 | 353.1 | 497.5 | 23.0 | 1579.9 | 2.17 | 0.291 |
| GDF-15 | 0.8 | 370.7 | 273.1 | 48.1 | 880.7 | 975.7 | 425.8 | 172.8 | 1645.4 | 2.63 | 0.001 |
| GDNF | 3.0 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| GH | 29.0 | 34.1 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 75.2 | 77.5 | 53.0 | 20.5 | 177.8 | 2.28 | 0.018 |
| HGF | 4.3 | 2500.6 | 1062.3 | 1618.6 | 4418.0 | 7967.1 | 2151.6 | 2752.1 | 10711.5 | 3.19 | <0.001 |
| ICAM-1 | 76.4 | 696.0 | 1031.4 | 54.0 | 2707.0 | 3762.4 | 3531.0 | 696.9 | 13167.3 | 5.41 | 0.011 |
| ICAM-3 | 24.7 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| IGFBP-1 | 4.3 | 222.5 | 242.9 | 38.6 | 726.1 | 2210.9 | 2132.1 | 207.7 | 7383.2 | 9.94 | 0.006 |
| IGFBP-2 | 41.5 | 16751.2 | 7003.4 | 7562.7 | 30992.2 | 24718.9 | 9332.7 | 13573.6 | 42543.5 | 1.48 | 0.047 |
| IGFBP-3 | 114.1 | 1043.7 | 704.0 | 319.4 | 2053.4 | 19596.4 | 11034.1 | 2595.4 | 37544.3 | 18.78 | <0.001 |
| IGFBP-4 | 539.2 | 3463.8 | 1293.0 | 2009.4 | 5910.7 | 3471.7 | 1488.8 | 1156.9 | 6029.0 | 1.00 | 0.990 |
| IGFBP-5 | 115.4 | 234.3 | 125.6 | 81.6 | 393.4 | 389.6 | 366.1 | 81.6 | 1570.1 | 1.66 | 0.185 |
| IGFBP-6* | 68.3 | 27483.8 | 8803.2 | 22349.7 | 47174.6 | 33899.1 | 10489.7 | 21769.8 | 55469.0 | 1.23 | 0.168 |
| IGF-I | 27.0 | 51.8 | 41.1 | 19.1 | 129.4 | 62.3 | 40.2 | 19.1 | 151.5 | 1.20 | 0.594 |
| IGF-I R | 48.6 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| IGF-II | 41.4 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| IGF-II R | 18.4 | 199.2 | 47.5 | 148.0 | 266.4 | 208.7 | 190.9 | 27.2 | 770.8 | 1.05 | 0.867 |
| Insulin | 20.1 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| Insulin R | 3,115.9 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| NCAM-1 | 104.1 | 17561.3 | 8210.6 | 5251.9 | 28434.0 | 17835.7 | 9907.3 | 6488.9 | 37545.7 | 1.02 | 0.948 |
| NGF R | 10.3 | 41.3 | 27.4 | 7.3 | 78.5 | 74.7 | 21.7 | 40.2 | 105.6 | 1.81 | 0.019 |
| Notch-1 | 2.1 | 21.9 | 16.4 | 12.6 | 58.3 | 17.4 | 18.2 | 1.5 | 62.7 | 0.80 | 0.590 |
| NOV | 5.8 | 1836.0 | 458.4 | 1202.5 | 2740.6 | 3206.6 | 942.9 | 1627.7 | 5509.0 | 1.75 | <0.001 |
| NrCAM* | 5.0 | 4872.9 | 1914.6 | 2185.5 | 7215.7 | 6082.5 | 3285.2 | 715.4 | 12610.8 | 1.25 | 0.313 |
| NRG1-b1 | 10.8 | 11.9 | 4.8 | 7.6 | 19.9 | 36.9 | 27.5 | 7.6 | 69.7 | 3.10 | 0.007 |
| NT-3 | 12.1 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| NT-4 | 5.3 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| PDGF Ra | 1,170.8 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| PDGF Rb | 10.8 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| PDGF-AA | 2.0 | 99.1 | 86.8 | 9.6 | 263.3 | 602.2 | 556.6 | 91.8 | 1827.7 | 6.08 | 0.007 |
| PDGF-AB | 5.0 | 6.6 | 1.6 | 3.5 | 8.3 | 16.9 | 16.2 | 5.5 | 67.5 | 2.54 | 0.042 |
| PDGF-BB | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 9.3 | 4.03 | 0.015 |
| PIGF* | 2.5 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 102.8 | 134.5 | 1.8 | 467.4 | 57.30 | 0.019 |
| Prolactin | 151.7 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| TARC | 1.7 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| TGFb1 | 151.4 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| TGF-b2 | 7.1 | 30.3 | 14.1 | 13.0 | 43.9 | 48.9 | 56.7 | 5.0 | 184.7 | 1.61 | 0.281 |
| Thrombospondin-1 | 215.0 | 980.3 | 1650.2 | 152.0 | 4645.7 | 10116.4 | 10082.6 | 499.9 | 34455.3 | 10.32 | 0.007 |
| TIMP-1* | 13.4 | 60145.6 | 19198.7 | 41110.6 | 88938.0 | 61745.9 | 9704.1 | 47592.0 | 82709.5 | 1.03 | 0.842 |
| TIMP-4 | 6.5 | 395.0 | 333.7 | 142.0 | 1054.3 | 611.8 | 282.4 | 196.5 | 1069.2 | 1.55 | 0.173 |
| TPO | 139.9 | BDL | BDL | ||||||||
| Ubiquitin+1 | 136.8 | 261.9 | 197.4 | 96.7 | 578.9 | 897.7 | 390.9 | 271.1 | 1465.3 | 3.43 | <0.001 |
| VCAM-1 | 794.5 | 7383.1 | 7964.7 | 561.8 | 23677.8 | 8143.9 | 5254.2 | 2198.5 | 22644.2 | 1.10 | 0.825 |
| VEGF | 10.7 | 23.5 | 42.2 | 7.6 | 119.2 | 1208.1 | 1528.2 | 7.6 | 5038.6 | 51.40 | 0.016 |
| WIF-1 | 19.5 | 11133.9 | 2970.5 | 8184.8 | 15679.3 | 9207.2 | 3063.2 | 4362.8 | 13964.5 | 0.83 | 0.195 |
| WISP-1 | 68.6 | 176.1 | 98.6 | 48.5 | 293.8 | 191.5 | 121.9 | 48.5 | 499.5 | 1.09 | 0.763 |
| XEDAR | 3.3 | BDL | BDL |
Data are presented in pg/mL ± SD with min and max values. BDL, below limit of detection (LOD). Unpaired t-test with Welch's correction was used to assess statistical differences between PDR and control patients. Fold changes higher than 3-fold and significant differences (P < 0.05) are indicated in bold.
*Adiponectin, levels in PDR patients above the highest standards; IGFBP6, NrCAM, TIMP-1, all levels above the highest standards; PlGF, all control levels were below LOD and set at LOD/√2.